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Published byCleopatra Warner Modified over 9 years ago
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WHAT IS ‘HEALTH PROMOTION’ ? WHAT IS ‘HEALTH PROMOTION’ ?
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HEALTH PROMOTION The term ‘HEALTH PROMOTION’ IS : wide-ranging multi-disciplinary philosophical
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HEALTH PROMOTION Tannahill (1985) offers a practical model, which brings together 3 service components with overlapping roles and concerns
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HEALTH PROMOTION Health Education Preventive Services Health Protection
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WHAT HEALTH are we promoting ? HEALTH PROMOTION
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WHO ‘definition’ is actually a political slogan in the Constitution (1946) “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” HEALTH PROMOTION
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‘HEALTH FOR ALL’ has a more functional and utilitarian approach To attain a level of health that will permit people to lead a socially and economically productive life HEALTH PROMOTION
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‘HEALTH is a resource for everyday living….” (WHO) HEALTH PROMOTION
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Health Education Preventive Services Health Protection HEALTH PROMOTION
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WELL EARLY DISEASE LATE DISEASE DEATH Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention Tertiary Prevention LEVELS OF PREVENTION Prevention is an important component. It has a strong intuitive appeal HEALTH PROMOTION
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IMPORTANT REMINDER : Be Evidence-Based Do Research and Evaluation Use Appropriate Technology
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HEALTH PROMOTION Guide to Clinical Preventive Services US Preventive Services Task Force Canadian Task Force on Periodic Health Examination MOH Clinical Practice Guidelines 6/2003 – Health Screening Comprehensive reviews of the scientific basis for preventive services
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Examples Primary prevention is desirable, but limited by knowledge HEALTH PROMOTION Immunization Proper and adequate nutrition Weight control Exercise prescription
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identification of disease or defect …. Presumptive unrecognized is an important strategy SCREENING HEALTH PROMOTION
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(1) Suitable Disease CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESS IN SCREENING : (a) Major public health problem (b) Identifiable pre-clinical phase (c) Early treatment effective HEALTH PROMOTION
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(2) Suitable Test CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESS IN SCREENING : (a) Simple to apply and interpret (b) Cheap (cost-effective) (c) Painless and safe (d) Accurate and reproducible (e) Acceptable to people HEALTH PROMOTION
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(3) Suitable Organization CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESS IN SCREENING : (a) Call and recall of appropriate subjects (b) Adequate and coordinated follow-up (c) Quality assurance (d) On-going evaluation HEALTH PROMOTION
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– general population – high-risk groups Screening may be directed at : – hypertension – diabetes mellitus – coronary heart disease – anaemia – nutritional disorders – tuberculosis – cervix cancer – breast cancer Examples : HEALTH PROMOTION
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We must go beyond the laboratory, the doctor’s office and the hospital Health Education Preventive Services Health Protection HEALTH PROMOTION
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Knowledge Beliefs Attitude Practice (Behaviour) Health Education is not just the passive transmission of information. (BEWARE OF INFORMATION OVERLOAD) HEALTH PROMOTION
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Educational messages must – Achievements in tobacco control – Successes in smoking cessation – Health benefits of non-smoking Examples : EXCITE HEALTH PROMOTION
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Educational messages must – Non-smokers staying off tobacco – Smokers helped to quit Examples : ENCOURAGE HEALTH PROMOTION
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Educational messages must – How non-smokers can fight temptation – Enable smokers to quit the habit Examples : EQUIP HEALTH PROMOTION
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Educational messages must – Adopt non-smoking as desired way of life – Advocate for non- smoking and anti- smoking policies Examples : EMPOWER HEALTH PROMOTION
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We need to move away from vertical, disease – oriented programmes : CHDCaDM
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HEALTH PROMOTION Let us take the risk-factor approach CHD CaDM SmokingDiet Exercise
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HEALTH PROMOTION Take the messages to different arenas : General Public Schools Workplace Healthcare facilities Community facilities
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We continue to go beyond the laboratory, the doctor’s office and the hospital Health Education Preventive Services Health Protection HEALTH PROMOTION
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HEALTH PROTECTION : regulations and policies that help to create a supportive healthful environment – control of environmental hazards – restriction of smoking in public – quarantine measures Examples : HEALTH PROMOTION
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Public Health Laws are necessary : to protect individuals, families and the community to inculcate responsible and healthful behavior and practices
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HEALTH PROMOTION In any society, there is a need to balance : Individual Liberty Public Good versus
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Public Agencies have a very important role in Health Promotion - political commitment - policy direction - funding and other resources - implementation and enforcement HEALTH PROMOTION
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SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS ACTIONS FOR HEALTH TOTAL COMMUNITY EFFORT HEALTH PROMOTION
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