1. Principles of Design

2. Proportion
Proportion is the principle of art concerned with the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.
It looks at the relative sizes or amounts of things in a composition.

4. Ron Mueck - Boy

6. Andrew Wyeth - Soaring

7. Parmigianino
The Madonna with the Long Neck

9. Rene Magritte – The Listening Room

10. Francisco Goya -
Giant

11. The Principle of Movement
Movement is the principle of art used to
a) create the look and feeling of action and
b) to guide the viewer’s eye throughout the work of art.

12. Giacomo Balla – Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash

14. Marcel Duchamp
Nude Descending a Staircase

15. Winslow Homer – Fog Warning

16. Vincent Van Gogh – The Starry Night

17. Eugene Delacroix
Arabs Skirmishing
in the Mountains

18. The Principle of Rhythm
Rhythm is created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat.

19. Giacomo Balla
Little Girl Running
on a Balcony

20. Navajo Rug
Tree of Life

21. Navajo Rug

22. Roman Aqueduct – Segovia, Spain

23. Balance
Balance is a way of combining elements to create a feeling of equilibrium or stability in a work of art.

24. Balance
There are 3 types of balance:
Symmetrical
Asymetrical
Radial

25. Symmetrical Balance This is also known as formal balance.
Two halves of a work are identical; one half mirrors exactly the other half.
An example would be the two wings of a butterfly, or the façade of a Greek temple.

26. Symmetrical/Formal Balance

29. Asymetrical/informal Balance
Asymetrical balance is also known as Informal Balance
Two halves are not the same, but they have approximately equal visual interest or visual “weight.”

30. Five O’Clock Tea – Renoir (example of informal balance)

31. Asymmetrical/Informal Balance

33. Asymmetrical/Informal Balance

34. Radial Balance
Radial balance occurs when objects are positioned around a central point so that there is an equal distribution of visual interest or visual weight on all sides of the central point.
A clock face is a good example of radial balance.

36. Radial balance – Rose window of Chartres Cathedral

38. Harmony and Variety
Harmony combines similar elements in an artwork to accent similarities. It is accomplished through the use of repetitions and subtle, gradual changes.
Variety is the opposite; it emphasizes differences, change, contrast, diversity. It creates more intricate and complicated relationships between elements in the work.

39. Barns – A.Y. Jackson (example of harmony)

40. Botticelli’s Primavera (example of harmony)

41. Hieronymous Bosch – The Garden of Earthly Delights (example of variety)

42. Luncheon of the Boating Party - Renoir (example of variety)

43. Emphasis
Emphasis is a way of directing or focusing the viewer’s attention on the most important parts of a design.

44. Night Shadows – Edward Hopper (example of emphasis)

45. Leonardo Da Vinci – The Last Supper (example of emphasis)

46. Rembrandt – The Supper at Emmaus