1. VALUES By Dr Rosy Walia

2. VALUES – Values are broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes. – Basic conviction that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence VALUE SYSTEM A HIERARCHY BASED ON A RANKING OF AN INDIVIDUAL’S VALUE IN TERMS OF THEIR INTENSITY

3. DO VALUES CHANGE??? “NO”…They are relatively permanent They are formed in our earlier years of life Black n white…… what about grey???? VALUES INFLUENCE OUR ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS DIFFERENCE IN VALUE SYSTEM DETERMINES DIFFERENCES IN ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOR

4. Sources of values – Parents. – Friends. – Teachers. – Role models. – External reference groups

5. TYPES OF VALUES. Milton Rokeach’s value categories : terminal values and instrumental values. – Terminal values. Preferences concerning the ends to be achieved. – Instrumental values. Preferences for the means to be used in achieving desired ends.

7. TYPES OF VALUES(contd) – Gordon Allport’s values categories. Theoretical values. Economic values. Aesthetic values. Social values. Political values. Religious values.

8. TYPES OF VALUES(contd) – Maglino’s categories of workplace values. Achievement. Helping and concern for others. Honesty. Fairness

9. Hofstadter's Framework for Assessing Cultures

14. VALUE CONGRUENCE. Value congruence – Occurs when individuals express positive feelings upon encountering others who exhibit values similar to their own. – Incongruent values may result in conflicts over goals and the means to achieve them

15. PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES. – Movement away from the following values: Duty. Honesty. Responsibility. Economic incentives. Organizational loyalty. Work-related identity

16. PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES — cont. – Movement toward the following values: Meaningful work. Pursuit of leisure. Personal identity. Self-fulfillment.

17. PATTERNS AND TRENDS IN VALUES — CONT. – Important work-related values for the present and the future: Recognition for competence and accomplishments. Respect and dignity. Personal choice and freedom. Involvement at work. Pride in one’s work. Lifestyle quality. Financial security. Self-development. Health and wellness.

18. THE 8 VALUES OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE ORGANISATIONS