1. Marine Energy Resources in the North Atlantic Yann-Hervé De Roeck

2. Renewable energies on Earth Annual balance, facts and figures All yearly figures

3. l3 – IRENA Conference Source: IAE-OES, http://www.ocean-energy-systems.org/ocean-energy-in-the-world/gis-map/ Non strictly resource related thresholds Bathymetry, population and EEZ

4. l4 – IRENA Conference Hurricane Ivan track Source: NOAA Wind climatology Source: Nasa Winds over the North Atlantic Steady resource and extreme weather events

5. Radar image for wind EnviSat compared to meteorological model Arome (Météo-France) Average accuracy with respect to in situ measurement : 1.5 m/s and 20°, 3% error in Weibull wind statistical parameters. Pixel: 950m x 950m. 400 km swath Wind resource assessment Remote sensing versus model hindcast

6. l6 – IRENA Conference Source : Gunn & Stock-Williams (2012) Source : previmer project, www.previmer.org Waves over the North Atlantic As for wind resource, better statistics at the 40-50 latitudes Big statistical difference between leeward and windward coasts Source: PREVIMER

7. SAR image of the Iroise Sea (Cosmo SkyMed) Ushent island offshore Brittany Wave resource assessment Remote sensing from synthetic aperture radar Average accuracy with respect to in situ measurement : significative height: 30 cm, wavelength: 36 m, direction : 17° Pixel: 20km x 20km. 400 km swath

8. l8 – IRENA Conference Tidal currents, mean velocity Source: Noveltis, http://tips.noveltis.com/ Ocean currents, mean velocity Source: RSMAS, Miami. Currents over the North Atlantic Tidal resource for the near future, ocean resource for midterm development

9. Passage Kaki Hao atoll Tuamotu archipelago ~50 km Source: ‘Etude des courants de la passe « Kaki » de l’atoll de Hao Evaluation du gisement hydrolien’ Ifremer - Auteurs : Damien MARIGLIANO, Marc TAQUET 2011 Ifremer study and monitoring: combined effects of tides and waves coming from offshore breaking on the coral reef Current through passage (45%) > 1.5 m/s can reach 4 m/s Potential : some tens of MWh/year Possible exploitation : - main passage - hoas currents Wave and current energy : the atoll case Combined tidal and wave energy: the atoll case Tidal beating modulated by the outward current due to the drain of overtopping waves

10. l10 – IRENA Conference T Temperature difference between 20 and 1000m Source: Rajagopalan & Nihous (2012) Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion resource The revenge of the 20-20 latitudes

11. Needs for large sets of Environmental Data Efficiency and impact 1- Estimate and plan the MRE resource a- LCOE depends on a 2 digit load factor 2- Design and size technologies a- Energy conversion optimisation b- Sea state thresholds for commissioning 3- Monitoring during exploitation a- Security / safeguard b- Optimal control for production c- Impact assessment 30 m WERPO wave project for Grenada island Openhydro-DCNS project for Bréhat, Alderney islands