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PROPERTIES OF PURE SUBSTANCES
What is a pure substance? Non-characteristic properties Characteristic properties (physical and chemical) Determining an unknown substance
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What is a Pure Substance?
Substance made up of 1 type of atom OR 1 type of molecule Mixtures are NOT pure substance 2 types Elements 1 type of atom Iron, oxygen, Compounds At least 2 types of atoms Water, salt,
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Non-Characteristic Property
A property that is shared by many substances It does not allow you to identify it Examples: mass, volume, temperature, color, shape.
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Characteristic Property
A property that is unique to that one substance Allows you to identify it right away Examples: DNA, boiling point, density
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Physical Characteristic Properties
Once the observation of the property is made, the molecular make-up of the substance remains the same Examples: melting point, boiling point, density, solubility See Table 1.30 on page 23 of textbook
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Chemical Characteristic Properties
Once the action or observation is made, the substance is no longer the same, its molecular make-up has changed Examples: burning, digesting, use of indicators See Table 1.31 on page 24 of textbook
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Determining an Unknown Substance
There are many tests that can be done to identify a substance which include: Conductivity: if light of conductivity meter comes on Malleability: ability to bend Magnetism: substance is attracted or repelled by a magnet Smell Colour Metallic luster: shine, all metals shine Density See tables on pages 23 and 24 of textbook
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