2. Agriculture Unit Where does my cereal grow?

3. Wheat History Cultivated and used for human food for thousands of years Has been grown in Egypt since about 4000 B.C. Ancient Egyptians ground it into flour and mixed it with liquid to bake bread Was popular because of the ability to rise and form a high loaf when yeast is added Did not become a popular crop in U.S. until after the French Revolution in the late 1700s

4. Wheat Today U.S. is the worlds largest producer of wheat Dry and mild climates are the most favorable Needs lots of sunshine, 12-15 inches of water, and temperatures of 70-75°F. Winter wheat – planted in fall, harvested in spring Becomes dormant when temp. is below freezing Spring wheat – planted in spring, harvested in summer

5. Wheat Uses Worlds largest and most cultivated food crop King of grains 1/7 of all farmland in the world is used for growing wheat American wheat is exported and feeds millions of people all over the world Where it’s grown in the U.S. Kansas-North Dakota-Montana-Washington- Oklahoma-Idaho

6. Wheat

8. Soybean History Probably originated in eastern China Introduced into the U.S. in early 1800s Originally grown as a minor forage crop In 1920s, processing industry gave soybean cultivation boost

9. Soybean Today Technically a bean -- dicot In U.S. leading crop after corn and wheat U.S. produces about 33% of the worlds soybeans Plant is 2 to 5 ft tall Large leaves, small white, pink, or purple flowers Seeds are round and usually light yellow Seeds contain about 20% oil and 40% protein

10. Soybean Uses Basic products of soybean are protein meal and oil More than 90% of oil is consumed as margarine, shortening, mayonnaise, salad oils, etc. Also used for paint, varnish, linoleum, and rubber. Where it’s grown in the U.S. Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Ohio, and Missouri

11. Soybeans

13. Corn History 80 thousand year old pollen grains found under Mexico City. Called maize by Native American’s Migrated to North America Did not require oxen or plows to cultivate the soil Columbus took seeds back to Spain Within 2 generations it had spread around the world

14. Corn Today Maize, or corn, is one of the top agricultural crops in the U.S. Grown in most mild and tropical regions of the world Needs hot sun, and at least 20 inches of rainfall per year to mature The United States produces 36% of the world’s supply Second largest grain crop in the world

15. Corn Uses Can be found in over 4,000 food and non- food products Leading source of sweetener Bread, breakfast cereals, and chips Ceramics, paints, paper goods, batteries, and fireworks Where it’s grown in the U.S. Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska, Indiana, Minnesota, and Ohio

16. Corn

18. Rice History Native of Asia Grown and used for food before written records Arrived in North America in 1694 For many people it is their only source of protein

19. Rice Today Third-leading grain in the world Staple food for over half the world Thrives in tropical areas Rice fields are flooded to water and kill weeds Needs annual rainfall of 40 inches and temperature of at least 70°F Grown in more than 100 countries China and India are top rice-producing countries

20. Rice Uses Inexpensive and easy to prepare and store Mixes will with lots of flavors Rice flour used in noodles, pancakes, breakfast cereals, muffins Sometimes used for fertilizer, insulation, and cement Rice starch is used for face powders Where it’s grown in the U.S. Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas

21. Rice

24. Great Grains Game Subject: Trivial Facts about the 4 grains grown most in the United States.

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26. 1. The grain that is grown and harvested the most in the entire world. Wheat

27. 2. Oil is the main thing created from this crop. Soybean

28. 3. The U.S. produces 36 percent of the worlds supply of this. Corn

29. 4. This grain was grown by the ancient Egyptians. Wheat

30. 5. This grain is the second most produced grain in the world. Corn

31. 6. The U.S. produces 33% of the world’s supply of this crop. Soybean

32. 7. This crop is a native of Mexico Corn

33. 8. This grain does very well in tropical climates Rice

34. 9. These seeds are small, round, and usually light brown in color. Soybean

35. 10. This plant grows to be about two to five feet tall. Soybean

36. 11. This grain is used in more than 4,000 food products Corn

37. 12. This grain is used to make batteries. Corn

38. 13. This grain needs an average temperature of 70° F. Rice

39. 14. Of the four grains, this is the only Dicot. Soybean

40. 15. This grain first arrived in the U.S. in 1694. Rice

41. 16. To grow this plant properly, the fields must be flooded. Rice

42. 17. The King of all grains. Wheat

43. 18. This grain needs 12 to 15 inches of annual rainfall. Wheat

44. 19. This grain prefers 20 inches of rain per year. Corn

45. 20. This grain is a primary ingredient in many sweeteners. Corn

46. 21. This grain can be planted in either the spring or the fall. Wheat

47. 22. This grain is a native of Asia. Rice

48. 23. This grain is used to make face powders (Make up). Rice

49. 24. This grain remains dormant during the winter months. Wheat

50. 25. The seed of this grain is 40% protein. Soybean