1. Corrosion/Erosion
PROCESS OUT OF CONTROL

2. Corr Science
Corr Science, is a Alberta based company which supplies corrioson, erosion, and MIC products for pipelines and plants

3. Why? Process out of control
To provide information on the interrelation between Corrsion/ Erosion/ MIC proccess and operating variables to allow more efficient use of the plant or pipline
To provide information that may be used to prevent a safety failure and or a potential disaster

4. Definitions Corrosion Erosion MMC Chemically induced wall loss
Mechanically induced wall loss
MMC
Biologically induced wall loss (bugs)

5. Corrosion Perceptions
No one Corrosion monitoring tool can solve your Corrosion problem
You will often need a combination of monitoring techniques to properly identify a problem area

6. Corrosion Monitoring Techniques
Electrochemical Methods
Electrical Resistance Monitoring (ER)
Linear Polarization Resistance Monitoring (LPR)
Hydrogen Monitoring
Weight Loss Coupons
Non-Destructive Testing Techniques (NDT)
Analytical Techniques

7. Electrochemical Methods
Electrical Resistance Monitoring (ER)
Linear Polarization Resistance Monitoring (LPR)
Galvanic Monitoring, aslo known as Zero Resistance Ammetry

8. Electrical Resistance Monitoring (ER)
The Action of corrosion on the elements serves to decrease the cross section area thereby increasing the Electrical Resistance
The major advantage is its ability to measure corrosion in any environment, liquid, gas or particle streams

9. Electrical Resistance Monitoring (ER)
The difference between ER and electrochemical techniques is that ER measurements prodie information on the totaal loss of material, which ever electrochemical techniques given rate information

10. Linear Polarization Resistance Monitoring (LPR)
LPR measures the corrosion current flowing between anodic and cathodic half cells
LPR monitoring provides an instanteous measure of corrosion rate and may, for example be usedas a method for optimising corrosion inhibitor injection

11. Galvanic Monitoring (Zero Resistance Ammetry ZRA)
ZRA probes, two electrodes of dissimilar metals are exposed to the process fluid. When immersed in solution, a natural voltage (potential) difference exits between the electrodes. The current generated due to this potential difference relates to the rate of corrosion which is occurring on the more active of the electrode couple.
Galvanic/Potential monitoring is applicable to the following electrode couples:
Bimetallic corrosion
Crevice and pitting attack
Corrosion assisted cracking
Corrosion by highly oxidizing species
Weld decay
Galvanic current measurement has found its widest applications in water injection systems where dissolved oxygen concentrations are a primary concern. Oxygen leaking into such systems greatly increases galvanic currents and thus the corrosion rate of steel process components. Galvanic monitoring systems are used to provide an indication that oxygen may be invading injection waters through leaking gaskets or deaeration systems.

12. Hydrogen Monitoring
Hydrogen Monitoring provides an indaction that corrosion is taking or has taken place
Plants or pipe lines that are exposed to wet sour gas (H2S) or acid conditions the generation of Hydrogen is a primary concern
The concept of hydrogen probes is to detect the amount of hydrogen permeating through the steel by mechanical or electrochemical measurement and to use this as a qualitative indication of corrosion rate.

13. Weight Loss Coupons
The Weight Loss technique is the best known and simplest of all corrosion monitoring techniques. The method involves exposing a specimen of material (the coupon) to a process environment for a given duration, then removing the specimen for analysis. The basic measurement which is determined from corrosion coupons is weight loss; the weight loss taking place over the period of exposure being expressed as corrosion rate.
The simplicity of the measurement offered by the corrosion coupon is such that the coupon technique forms the baseline method of measurement in many corrosion monitoring programs.

14. Weight Loss Coupons
The technique is extremely versatile, since weight loss coupons can be fabricated from any commercially available alloy.
Localized corrosion can be identified and measured.
Inhibitor performance can be easily assessed.
Therefore, coupon monitoring is most useful in environments where corrosion rates do not significantly change over long time periods. However, they can provide a useful correlation with other techniques such as ER and LPR measurements.

15. Non-Destructive Testing Techniques (NDT)
NDT instruments includes ultrasonic, radiography, thermograph, eddy curent measurement

16. Analytical Techniques
Analytical Techniques usually involves drawing off a fluid sample. This sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis
The common analysis will look at Ph levels, iron and chlorides counts, oxygen and conductivity

17. Pitting Factor & Corrosion Rate

19. Non Intrusive Sand Monitor

20. Intrusive Sand Monitor

21. MITIGATION OF MIC Water Treatment
Most Common Approach
Preventative and Remedial
Flexibility
Costs
Personnel Safety
Environmental Concerns

22. BIoGEORGE PROBE 1.500" 304L SS EPOXY or Titanium 2.250" 2" NPT 304 SS
or PVC
6 Pin Sealed Connector
1.500"
2.250"
BRASS STUD