1. Female work in management positions - The German picture – Uta Kletzing | EAF

2. l Representation of women in management positions l Influential factors on female management representation l Political gender equality agenda l EAF gender equality agenda l Questions & discussion Outline

3. l University entrance qualification: 54% women l University degree: 49% women Education 2006 Qualification l Social Work:78% women l Economics:40% women l Computer Science: 18% women l Engineering:16% women l Electrotechnology: 9% women Study Courses 2006 Sources: Destatis 2006/2007

4. Federal politics l German Bundestag: 32% female parliamentarians l German Bundestag factions (exemplarily): l Christian Democrats / Christian Social Union: 20% women l Alliance 90 / The Greens: 57% women Federal public administration l federal ministries: l 36% female ministers l 0% (!) female state secretaries Women managers I

5. Private sector l overall: 15% female managers l large companies: l 12% female managers; out of which 8% female top-managers l medium-size companies: l 17% female managers; out of which 12% female top-managers Science l university professors: l overall: 14% women l top-professors: 10% women Women managers II Sources: Hoppenstedt 2007; iwd 2007

6. Influential factors in the private sector l proportion of female employees l industrial branch l number of employees l HR support measures for (potential) managers l number of female applicants structural factors l perceived necessity of women managers for business success l gender stereotypical ascription of competencies l gender stereotypical ascription of position level l sex of decision-maker decision-making factors Source: MGFFI 2007

7. l Having children hinders a (management) career. l only 44% of mothers of children under five employed l And a (management) career hinders having children. l 59% of women in leadership positions with children l 37% of women and men without children due to incompatibility of work and life …also for men l 41% of 35-40 year old men with a university degree without children One factor: Incompatibility of work and life… Sources: Bertelsmann Stiftung 2007, Bischoff 2005, Institut für Allensbach 2004/2005, BMFSFJ 2002

8. l Changing gender roles – new challenges for men l „New men“ l Alliances with the business world l Family-friendly employer policies l Women and active fathers in decision-making positions l Care-infrastructure, care-time and financial support l Societal and labour participation of migrant women and children l Migrant (gender) equality Political gender equality agenda I

9. Political gender equality agenda II Watch out for… l …Contents: l Gender Mainstreaming vs. HR policies l Gender policies vs. family policies vs. Managing Diversity l …Means: l Regulation vs. “Voluntary agreement”

10. WHO we are… l non-governmental, non-partisan, non-profit organization l promotion of women in management positions and of a mother-, father- and children-friendly society WHAT we do… l empowerment programs for women at different career stages l applied research on gender equality and work-life-balance l consulting services for private and public organisations on gender equality and work-life-balance EAF gender equality agenda I

11. EAF gender equality agenda II l Eliminating gender roles l Changing public and private employers l Making (management) work compatible with life l Empowering (potential) women managers

12. Thank you! Uta Kletzing | EAF www.eaf-berlin.de kletzing@eaf-berlin.de