4. Machining is processes in which we get a desired final shape and size from of raw material. 1.Conventional / Traditional Machining 2.Non Conventional / Non Traditional Machining

7. Traditional Machining Turning Boring Drilling Milling Planing Shaping Broaching Sawing Filing Gear forming Abrasive machining

12. Increased production with attachment Variety of shapes can be obtained Finish machining of cylindrical surfaces on very large work pieces. External and internal flat surfaces Suitable for low quantity production.

13. Disadvantages High Equipment Cost. Significant Tool Wear. Low Production Rate. Large Amount Of Scrap.

14. Non Conventional Machining There May Not Be A Physical Tool Present. For Example In Laser Jet Machining, Machining Is Carried Out By Laser Beam.

15. Chemical Machining This process removes the metal by the chemical attack of corrosive liquid.

16. Easy Weight Reduction No Effect Materials Properties Low Capital Cost Easy And Quick Design Changes Less Skilled Worker Low Tooling Costs The Good Surface Quality Decorative Part Production Low Scrap Rates (3%).

17. Difficult To Get Sharp Corner Difficult To Chemically Machine Thick Material Maximum 10 Mm Causes Less Dimensional Accuracy Etchants Are Very Dangerous For Workers Etchant Disposals Are Very Expensive

18. A Nontraditional Machining Process That Removes Metal By Pumping A Mixture Of Salt And Water At A High Pressure Into A Small Gap Between The Work Piece And A Formed Tool.

19. Advantages Clamping Is Not Required Except For Controlled Motion Of The Work Piece. No Heat Affected Zone. Very Accurate. Relatively Fast Can Machine Harder Metals No Material Corrosion Smooth Surfaces More Sensitive And Repeatable Complex Geometries

20. Disadvantages Keeping The Solution Conductivity Constant. More Expensive Need More Area For Installation. Electrolytes May Destroy The Equipment. Not Environmentally Friendly High Energy Consumption Chemical Attack By Electrolytes. The Risk Of An Electric Shock. Material Has To Be Electrically Conductive

21. Is A Process That Removes Electrically Conductive Material By Grinding With A Negatively Charged Abrasive Grinding Wheel

22. Advantages Absence Of Work Hardening Elimination Of Grinding Burn Burr-free Surfaces Absence Of Distortion Of Thin Less Wheel Truing And Other Variables Tolerances Of ___0.025 Mm (_0.001 In.) Under Normal Conditions And _+0.0025 Mm (_+0.0001 In.) Under Special Conditions Longer Wheel Life

23. Higher capital cost than for conventional Machines Use limited to electrically conductive Work pieces Corrosive nature of electrolytes Required disposal and filtering of electrolytes Noncompetitive removal rates compared To conventional methods for readily machine able Metals

24. Electric Discharge Machining The most common nontraditional machining process that removes metal through the use of an electric current. The work piece is immersed in A dielectric fluid.

25. Complex Details Are Possible Internal Corners Down To R.001" [.025mm] Extremely Hard Work Pieces Can Be Cut Very High Accuracy Attainable Precise Control Of Surface Finish No Cutting Forces Virtually No Geometric Limitations

26. Non Conductive Work Piece’s Cannot Be Cut Slower Material Removal Rate Than Milling An Electrode Is Required [Sinker EDM]

27. Laser Beam Machining Is An Unconventional Machining Process In Which A Laser Is Directed Towards The Work Piece For Machining

28. Advantages Cuts extremely precise and do not require A lot of time. The area subjected to heat is very small Use less energy for cutting metal sheets Can be used to cut A number of materials Can be used simple to complex designs One m/c do the job of several other machines Controlled by the help of computer programs The incidence of accidents and injuries is also reduced. Efficiency of the machine is very high, Copies of each other.

29. Disadvantages High Power Consumption In Cutting. Temperature May Lead To Burning Of Some Materials. Certain Metals Tend To Discolor During Maintenance If Mistake With The Laser Beam He May Suffer From Serious Burns.

30. Abrasive Jet Machining Is An Abrasive Blasting Machining Process That Uses Abrasives Propelled By A High Velocity Gas To Erode Material From The Work Piece

32. Advantages Surface Of The Work Piece Is Cleaned Smooth Surface Finish Can Be Obtained. Equipment Cost Is Low. Hard Materials And Materials Of High Strength Can Be Easily Machined.

33. Disadvantages Metal Removal Rate Is Low Abrasive Particles Might Resolve Over The Work Piece. Nozzle Life Is Less. Cannot Be Used For Soft Materials.

34. A Nontraditional Machining Operation That Uses A Highly Concentrated Stream Of Water Mixed With Abrasive Particles To Cut Through A Material.

36. Advantages Water Jet Machining Is A Relatively Fast Process. It Prevents The Formation Of Heat Affected Zones On The Work Piece. It Automatically Cleans The Surface Of The Work Piece. Has Excellent Precision. Tolerances Of The Order Of ±0.005″ Can Be Obtained. It Does Not Produce Any Hazardous Gas. It Is Eco-friendly.

37. Disadvantages

38. Is A Machining Operation In Which A Vibrating Tool Oscillating At Ultrasonic Frequencies Is Used To Remove Material From The Work Piece

39. Effectively Machines Precise Features In Hard, Brittle Materials It Does Not Change The Metallurgical, Chemical Or Physical Properties Of The Work Piece. Limitless Number Of Feature Shapes Materials Regardless Of Their Conductivity Tolerances Are 7-25µm And Surface Finish Of 0.25 To 0.75µm.