1. FIRST AID http://utpo.lf1.cuni.cz jana.heczkova@ftn.cz
Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine,
Institute of Theory and Practice of Nursing

2. Contacts http.//utpo.lf1.cuni.cz Username: firstaid.lf1@gmail.com
Password: firstaid
Credits: Practical exam

3. First Aid Consent Conscious victim Unconscious victim Children
Mentally incompetent victim
Refusing help
Immediate care given to an injured or suddenly ill person

4. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (Initial assessment) Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility

5. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) D R s A B C
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility D R s A B C

6. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers R s A B C
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Dangers R s A B C

7. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response s
AVPU scale
Dangers
Response s A B C
Alert and aware
Responds to Verbal stimuli
Responds to Painful stimuli
Unresponsive

8. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Dangers
Response
shout for help A B C

9. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Primary Survey (assessment) Dangers Response
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Dangers
Response
shout for help
Airway
Breathing
Circulation

10. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Get help Primary Survey (assessment)
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility

11. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Get help Europe 112 Local 155
Helth care facility 4444
What happened
How many victims
Where
Who

12. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) A B C D E
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility A B C D E

13. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway B C D E
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway B C D E
Head tilt – chin lift method
Jaw thrust method

14. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Rate
Normal respiration
Bradypnea 
Tachypnea 
Apnea
Depth
Ease
Noise

15. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Airway
Breathing
Circulation D E

16. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Circulation D E
Rate
Normal HR
Bradycardia 
Tachycardia 
Strength
Rhythm
Arrythmia
Skin colour

17. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Circulation D E
Systemic BP
Normal BP 120–140 / 60-80
Hypertension 
Hypotension 

18. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability E

19. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Mental status
Pupils
Extremities
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability E

20. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Mental status: Glasgow Coma Scale
Pupils
Extremities
Eye opening
Spontaneously 4
To Speach 3
To Pain 2
None 1
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability E
Verbal response
Orientated 5
Confused 4
Inappropriate words 3
Incomprehensible sounds 2
None 1
Motor response
Obeys verbal commands 6
Localising pain 5
Withdraws from pain stimuli 4
Flexing to pain 3
Extension to pain 2
No response 1

21. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
GCS
Pupils
Extremities
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability E
Shape
Equality
Response to light
PEARL
Pupils Equal And Reacting to Light

22. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
GCS
PEARL
Extremities
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability E
CSM
Circulation
Sensation
Movement

23. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure, Everything Else

24. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Physical exam
Victim‘s chief complaint
Head to toe examination
Victim‘s history
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure, Everything Else

25. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Physical exam
Victim‘s chief complaint
Head to toe examination
Victim‘s history
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure, Everything Else
DOTS
Deformity
Open wounds
Tenderness
Swelling

26. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Secondary Survey (assessment) Airway Breathing
Physical exam
Victim‘s chief complaint
Head to toe examination
Victim‘s history (SAMPLE history)
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure, Everything Else
Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last oral intake
Events leading up to the illness or injury

27. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Provide first aid Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility

28. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Reassess regularly Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility
Recovery position

29. ACTION IN AN EMERGENCY Transport to health care facility
Primary Survey (assessment)
Get help
Secondary Survey (assessment)
Provide first aid
Reassess regularly
Transport to health care facility

30. RESOURCES National Safety Council; FIRST AID AND CPR.
Chapleau, W., Pons, P. (2007) EMERGENCY MEDICAL TECHNICIAN. St. Louis: Elsevier
Caroline, N. (2007) EMERGENCY CARE IN THE STREET. 6th ed. London: Jones and Bartlett