2. 1. A Wedge Prism is used to ? a. Determine fuel loads in the forest. b. Drive a saw kerf to prevent binding a chainsaw. c. Estimate tree height. d. Measure basal area. e. Determine plot locations when cruising timber.

3. 2. One board foot is defined as? a. A board that is one foot long. b. A section of lumber that measures 12 inches, by 6 inches, by 3 inches. c. 128 cubic inches of wood. d. A black of wood that measures 12, inches, by 12 inches, by 12 inches. e. 144 cubic inches of wood.

4. 3. The difference between true north and magnetic north is called? a. Magnetic deviation b. Magnetic variation c. Celestial navigation d. Azimuth error e. Magnetic declination

5. 4. Scalping should be done at what time? a. After trees have been planted for about one month. b. When getting ready to plant seedlings. c. When trees are about ready to be harvested d. When trees are about 10 feet tall e. None of the above

6. 5. A flank fire is a fire that ______? a. Burns the coolest b. Runs with the wind c. Burns into the wind d. Burns parallel to the wind e. Burns the hottest

7. 6. Every year, ______ new trees are planted in Florida for every Florida resident. a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 10 e. 20

8. 7. Which of the following products come from trees? a. Ice cream b. Paints c. Cosmetics d. Toothpaste e. All of the above

9. 8. What is high grading? a. A method for improving the quality of timber stands. b. A lumber grading system that makes lumber grade out at a higher quality c. A thinning system that preserves the best trees in the forest d. A thinning system that takes the dominant and co- dominant trees e. The best approach to harvesting timber

10. 9. One of the ways Longleaf Pine benefits from Prescribed fire is by? a. Burning off it’s needles make is grow faster. b. Killing the fungus that causes Fusiform Rust c. Eliminating the alternate host of Pitch Canker d. Destroying the fungus that causes Brown spot Needle Blight e. Depositing nitrogen in the soil

11. 10. What is an increment borer? a. A boring tool that is used by the forest products industry in the production of utility poles. b. An insect that damages the xylem of a pine tree by incrementally boring into the wood. c. A tool used to bore into soil during tree planting. d. The larval stage of a wood borer that drills holes into trees. e. A tool used to take a sample of wood from a living tree for the purpose of determining the trees age or growth rate.

12. 11. Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) is measured at what height from the ground? a. 3.5 feet b. 4.5 feet c. 6 feet d. Chest height, no matter how tall you are. e. None of the above

13. 12. Florida was surveyed using the section, township and range (STR) system. Under this system, how many sections are in a township? a. 6 b. 25 c. 36 d. 43 e. 640

14. 13. Each section in the STR system is how big? a. 36 square miles b. 10 square miles c. 6 square miles d. 2 square miles e. 1 square mile

15. 14. Each _______ the average American uses enough wood products to equal a tree 16 inches in diameter and 100 feet tall. a. Day b. Week c. Year d. Month e. Lifetime

16. 15. Silviculture is defined as? a. The ability of the trees to last forever. b. The practice of relying on seed production to regenerate a forest. c. Sampling a forest d. The science of producing and tending a forest. e. None of the above

17. 16. What are Mycorrhizae? a. Fine tree roots that absorb the bulk of nutrients and water. b. A fungus that causes a tree roots to rot c. Beneficial fungi that aid a root to absorb water and nutrients. d. A national Park in Australia e. The resin inside a tree

18. 17. When implementing Best Management Practices (BMP’s) you minimize impacts on: a. Soil quality b. Roads c. Air quality d. Water quality e. Answers a & d

19. 18. When is the best time of year to plant trees? a. All year long. b. June through August c. December through February d. March through May e. September through November

20. 19. To be considered pure, a stand must have what percentage of the same tree species? a. 75% b. 80% c. 85% d. 90% e. 95%

21. 20. Cellulose is used as a _______ in toothpaste. a. Thickener b. Colorant c. Flavor d. Disinfectant e. Thinner

22. 21. If wildlife management is primary consideration in a planted pine stand, what is good recommendation for initial tree planting spacing? a. 6’ by 10’ b. 5’ by 12’ c. 4’ by 10’ d. 10’ by 12’ e. 861 trees per acre

23. 22. Pondcypress communities grow in pockets of low topography and usually form a group of trees in the shape of a ________? a. Cone b. Dome c. Depression d. Triangle e. Oval

24. 23. Disturbing soil near a body of water could degrade the water quality by? a. Sedimentation b. Chemical pollution c. Nutrient pollution d. All of the above e. A & B only

25. 24. What portion of Florida’s 35.7 Million acres is forested? a. One- Quarter b. One- Third c. One- half d. Two- thirds e. Three-quarters

26. 25. Which is not one of the primary pine species found in Florida? a. Sand Pine b. Pinyon Pine c. Lobolly Pine d. Longleaf Pine e. Slash pine

27. 26. Forestry is… a. The science of producing and tending a forest b. The art and science of managing forests to produce products for the benefit of society. c. The science, art, and practice of managing and using trees, forests, and their associated resources for human benefit. d. The science of growing trees. e. A tree in the forest.

28. 27. Prior to European settlement, which pine species dominated the forests of the South? a. Slash pine b. Longleaf pine c. Loblolly pine d. Bald cypress e. Sand pine

29. 28. In the early 1900’s which was Florida’s biggest industry? a. Citrus b. Timber harvesting c. Hunting d. Naval stores e. Cattle ranching

30. 29. _________ is necessary to maintain Florida’s ecosystems. a. Fertilizer b. Fire c. Succession d. Daily rainfall e. Drainage

31. 30. Which pine is most resistant to fire? a. Slash pine b. Ponderosa Pine c. Spruce pine d. Longleaf pine e. Loblolly pine

32. 31. The process by which plant species change over time is known as? a. Succession b. Procession c. Climax community d. Pioneer species e. Forest change

33. 32. What two types of wood make up the woody portion of a tree known as the xylem? a. Phloem& Cambium b. Heartwood& Deadwood c. Deadwood& Sapwood d. Sapwood& Heartwood e. Bark& Deadwood

34. 33. Managing a forest so that the amount of timber harvested each year does not exceed the amount grown is known as? a.Economic modeling b. Sustainable Forest management c. poor planning d. Silviculture e. Ecological Forest management

35. 34. Young longleaf pine stay close to the ground for an extended period of time in a phase known as? a. The grass stage b. The fire resistant stage c. The seedling stage d. The infant stage e. The longleaf stage

36. 35. Prescribed burning between a timber harvest and tree planting has what benefit(s)? a. Removes logging debris b. Controls brown spot needle blight c. Reduces competing vegetation d. All of the above e. Only a& c

37. 36. Prescribed burns help to do what? a. Improve wildlife habitat b. Build healthier forests c. Improve air quality d. Reduce fuel loads e. Answers a, b, and d.

38. 37. Choose the three classes of soil particles. a. Sand, dirt, and clay b. Soil, dirt, and dust c. Clay, silt, and sand d. Sand, dust, and clay e. Clay, loan, and silt

39. 38. Today’s forests cannot be kept in their natural state by natural processes because of? a. Wildfire b. Fragmentation c. Succession d. Global warming e. Hurricanes

40. 39. AN even- aged stand could be best described as… a. Having 90% of the trees from the same species b. Having trees from all stages of life c. Having all trees the same height and diameter d. Having a mixture of trees that all started at the same time e. Having an age that is divisible by two

41. 40. What might be an indicator that stand should be thinned? a. A basal area greater than 120 sq. ft. per acre b. Recent growth rings are narrower than previous growth rings c. The live crown ration is less than 33% d. All of the above e. Only a & b

42. 41. What is a knuckle- boom loader used for? a. Sorting trees by size class b. Dragging trees to a loading deck c. Loading seedlings onto trucks d. Felling trees e. both a & c

43. 42. People spend billions of dollars each year to recreate in Florida’s forest and natural areas. a. True b. False

44. 43. Pick the statement that best describes special management zone (SMZ) a. AN area along a stream where no trees may be harvested b. an area that limits silviculture operations that might disturb water quality of a nearby water body c. A “Do not disturb” zone around a body of water designed to protect water quality d. Any area of the forest that requires special attention e. A forest area infested with invasive exotic species

45. 44. Prescribed fire is…. a. A fire used to cultivate a forest b. The application of fire, by trained individuals, used under specific conditions, to achieve measurable results. c. A non destructive forest fire used to reduce dangerous fuel level d. Any fire in the woods that is not out of control e. The best forest management tool available to foresters

46. 45. Which species of pine tree provides the most benefits to wildlife? a. Sand pine b. Slash pine c. Loblolly pine d. Longleaf pine e. Pond pine

47. 46. How many chains are in a mile? a. 40 b. 66 c. 80 d. 360 e. 640

48. 47. What height measurement might you use while cruising timber? a. Total height b. The height to a 4 inch top c. The height to an 8 inch top d. Any of the above could be used e. Doesn’t really matter as long as you are consistent

49. 48.0 Which of the following processes is not used during the harvest of a stand pine trees? a. Dibbling b. Transporting c. Limbing d. Sorting e. Felling

50. 49. One cord of wood contains ________ cubic feet of wood, air, and bark. a. 66 b. 80 c. 90 d. 128 e. 240

51. 50 How many square chains in ten acres? a. 1 b. 10 c. 20 d. 50 e. 100