1. Juvenile Macular Degeneration
Lauran Maestas
Meghan Raney
Cressie Wright

2. Three major forms of Juvenile Macular Degeneration
Best’s Disease
Juvenile Retinoschisis
Stargardt Disease
All are rare and cause central vision loss

3. Stargardt Disease First report in 1901 German Ophthalmologist
Karl Stargardt
1997 genetic component discovered
Recessive gene
Both parents must have

4. Stargardt Gene Stargardt No protein produced Normal
Without protein no energy
No energy photoreceptor cells in retina degenerates
Normal
Gene produces protein
Protein produces energy
Energy sent to the photoreceptor cells

5. Effects of gene defect Fatty yellow pigment (Lipofusion)
Build up under cells in macula
Rods and Cones are affected
Atrophy in the macula
Loss of central vision
Blindness

6. Symptoms Visual Acuity 20/40 20/200 Central Vision Loss Vision Acuity
20/ /200
Central Vision Loss
Vision Acuity
Blurry Vision
Distorted Vision

7. Symptoms Dark Areas Color Perceptions
Central Scotoma (Blind Spot in Central Vision)
Night Blindness
Photophobia (Abnormal tolerance for light)

8. Treatments No Cure Current research:
UV Protective glasses may slow the progression
Limit intake of vitamin A
Stem cells in adult body fat

9. References
Stargardt Disease. (n.d.). American Macular Degeneration Foundation |. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from
Stargardt macular degeneration. (2014, July 7). Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from
Kinkade, D. R. (2012, November 6). Low Vision Eyeglasses LowVisionEyeglasses.com: Guide to Macular Degeneration: Short Answers to Complex Questions. Low Vision Eyeglasses LowVisionEyeglasses.com: Guide to Macular Degeneration: Short Answers to Complex Questions. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from
Stargardt Disease. (2014, November 7). . Retrieved July 11, 2014, from
Grossman, M. (2013, August 28). Stem Cells Discovered in Fat May Treat Macular Disgeneration, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Stargardt's. Eye conditions, eye care & diseases, treatment solutions. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from
Grossman, M. (n.d.). Stargardt's Disease. Eye Care. Retrieved July 11, 2014, from

10. Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Lauran Maestas
Meghan Raney
Cressie Wright

11. What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)?
AMD is a condition that causes central vision loss
AMD is the leading
cause of vision loss for
people over the age of 60

12. Two Forms of AMD Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration
More common
Develops slowly
Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
More severe
Develops quickly

13. Causes of AMD? Causes are unknown but possible risk factors include:
Smoking
High Cholesterol
Obesity
Hypertension
Poor Diet
Hereditary
Exposure to UV light
Race
Gender

14. Symptoms of AMD Blurriness Wavy Lines Blind Spot

15. Dry AMD Usually affects both eyes
Light Sensitive cells in the macula begin to breakdown and die
Presents of Drusen
yellow spots under the retina
Photograph of a healthy eye
Photograph of an eye with dry AMD

16. Wet AMD Abnormal blood vessel growth
Blood and fluid leak under the macula
Leads to scarring
Photograph of a healthy eye
Photograph of an eye with wet AMD

17. Treatments Dry AMD Wet AMD No cure or treatments No cure Vitamins
Some studies show specific combinations of vitamins can slow the progression and impact
Injections into the eye
Photodynamic Therapy
Laser Therapy

18. Tools to Detect Progression of AMD
The Amsler Grid is a simple test to detect early signs of AMD
Demonstration of Reduced Visual Acuity

19. Case Study: Ernest Smith
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Advanced Wet AMD in OS
Caused by oxidative stress
Used optical coherence tomography test
Treatment available: Thermal Laser Therapy
Daily monitor: Amsler Grid
Had to have treatment again

21. References
About wet AMD. (n.d.). What is Wet AMD. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from
Boyd, K. (2013, September 1). What Is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?. - Eye M.D.-approved information from EyeSmart. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from
Wet macular degeneration. (n.d.). Definition. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from
What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)?. (n.d.). Bausch + Lomb. Retrieved July 15, 2014,
from
WHAT IS AMD?. (n.d.). What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?. Retrieved July 15, 2014, from