1. Steffany Moonaz, PhD, RYT-500

2.  The emerging evidence since 2011…

3.  Uses protocol from Hopkins study  Focuses on underserved urban minorities with arthritis  Bilingual classes with African American and Hispanic teachers  Study underway  Qualitative and quantitative data analysis  Pilot

4.  Large sample (n=250)  Active control (daily yoga therapy vs. therapeutic exercise)  Knee OA  Improvements in both groups for: ◦ Waking pain ◦ Knee disability ◦ Knee flexion ◦ Joint tenderness ◦ Swelling ◦ Crepitis ◦ Walk time

5.  Small pilot  OA  Chair yoga and reiki  Outcomes: pain, depressive mood, physical function  Only finding was association between yoga and physical function

6.  Indian publication- abstract only  RA  Pranayama, cleansing, meditation  pain intensity, inflammation, stiffness, pulse rate, blood pressure, lymphocyte count, C- reactive protein and serum uric acid  Claims RA severity improved with yoga, but does not indicate which measures

7.  Pilot: 13 completed  Gentle yoga for sleep disturbance in OA  8 weeks- weekly classes and daily home practice  Sig: The Insomnia Severity Index, diary- reported sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, nights with insomnia  NS but Imp: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, diary-reported total sleep time, wake after sleep onset,  No change: Actigraphic sleep outcomes  Supports feasibility and acceptability

8.  70 RA patients  6 weeks  Waitlist control  Quantitative and qualitative measures  Function, pain, mood, HRQL, qualitative interviews, BP, heart rate, medical exam, pro- inflammatory cytokines  Study in progress

9.  Scoping Review  Systematic Review  Meta-Analysis

10.  Meta-analysis of 17 studies  RA, OA, LBP, FM, kyphosis  12 reported to have good quality  Improvement in functional outcomes for m/m LBP, FM (trend in kyphosis)  Pain improved in RA, OA, m/s LBP  Psychosocial imp in m/m LBP, OA  Good quality studies showed moderate treatment effect for functional outcomes, pain

11.  Meta-analysis of 16 controlled studies  Back pain, headache, RA, other indications  All positive outcomes  Moderate effect size for pain and pain- related disability

12.  Scoping Review  Reviewed 9 clinical trials (1994-2010)  Yoga in RA and/or OA  Study quality 2-6 (out of 8) ◦ Design ◦ Sample size ◦ Intervention ◦ Data analysis  Evidence strongest for symptoms, disability, self-efficacy, mental health