1. The Spanish Colonies
Chapter 4 Lesson 1
Pages

2. NEW SPAIN

3. Overview Explorers sent
Would claim the land they set foot on for hundreds of miles
Once they began to explore – no one left behind to protect their claim

4. Competition
Land claimed by several countries – no one paid attention to others claims
Spain had claimed land, but quickly learned claiming land is different from controlling land.
They needed to protect from other European countries and Native Americans

5. Land ruled by another country
COLONIES
Land ruled by another country

6. Spanish Colonies
Spain the first to start colonies to protect land and govern people
NEW SPAIN – formed 1535 – Most land in Mexico (capital was Mexico City)
Also included islands in the Caribbean Sea and the Spanish lands north of what is today Panama

10. http://caribbean-direct. com/home%20page%20images/CaribbeanMapCarte

11. Spanish Forts built to protect claims

12. SLAVERY

13. Slavery in the Americas
As gold & silver found – more Europeans came to settle in the colonies
Others came to start large farms called PLANTATIONS
To the south of New Spain – Portugal formed the colony of Brazil

15. SLAVERY
practice of
holding people
against their
will

16. WHY? Spain & Portugal needed workers: Crops Mine gold & silver
Forced Native Americans
Many died from hunger & disease

17. BARTOLOME de LAS CASAS Landowner later became Priest
Upset how slaves were treated
He freed his slaves
Then spent his year speaking against slavery

18. Shortage of Slaves
As thousands of Native Americans dies more slaves needed
Colonists captured Africans
Most taken to Brazil or the Caribbean

19. BORDERLANDS
Areas of land on or near the borders between countries, colonies, or regions

20. Goal with Borderlands Protect the Spanish empire
Spanish king chose leaders to govern settlements
Colonists did not have any say over their leaders
Missionaries sent by king to convert Native Americans to Christianity

21. St. Augustine
Spanish built the FIRST permanent European settlement in the U.S.
Located at St. Augustine, Florida

22. PRESIDIOS
Forts

23. MISSIONS
Religious settlements

24. Santa Fe 1610 – Spanish missionaries helped settle Santa Fe
Santa Fe – capital of the New Mexico Colony

25. El Camino Real
“The Royal Road
Connected settlements to Mexico City

27. Missions built all along the road.

28. Life in the Borderlands
At first – some Native Americans chose to stay at the missions.
Some were forced to work on the farms and ranches
They fought back – tearing down churches and other buildings

29. HACIENDAS
LARGE HOMES OR ESTATES

30. HORSES Had been extinct in the Americas
Brought back and it helped change Native American lives
Hunted
War

31. SUMMARY
In the 1500’s, explorers often paid no attention to other countries claims to lands
Spain tried to hold on to its claims by setting up colonies
Spanish needed workers, so they enslaved Native Americans and Africans