1. The Betts Lab Matthew Betts Professor at OSU Forest Wildlife Landscape Ecology Costa Rica Research! Green Hermit White-tipped SicklebillViolet Sabrewing Heliconia tortuosa

2. Common Hummingbirds in the Pacific Northwest Rufous Hummingbird What do they look like?? Size: 7-9 cm long Color: Underside of wings and side of bodies are burnt orange; have a white collar Males: Bright red throat Females: Greenish/gray head Cool Facts Feisty! Will chase away other hummingbirds and even chase off chipmunks from their nest! Migrate all the way from Alaska to Mexico in the winter – a journey of 3,900 miles! Beat their wings 52-62 times/second! http://www.allaboutbirds.org MALE FEMALE

3. Common Hummingbirds in the Pacific Northwest Anna’s Hummingbird What do they look like?? Size: 10-11 cm long Color: Green/gray without any orange on body Males: Bright pink head Females: Green/gray head Cool Facts They can shake like a dog to remove dirt from their feathers – 55 times/second! Males have a special courtship dive Winter here in the valley http://www.allaboutbirds.org MALE FEMALE

4. Which is which?!?!

5. Migration http://www.allaboutbirds.org

6. Decline of the Rufous Hummingbird Since 1967 the population has dropped an estimated 1-2% each year.

7. Housing Development Why Are Rufous Declining? Summer Migration Winter Agriculture and Rangeland Mountain Meadows Clear Cutting

8. Why We Care Bleeding Hearts Columbine Desert Trumpet Calico Bush Columbia Lily Scarlet Creeper Red Fireweed Trumpet Vine Cardinal Flower Trumpet Honeysuckle Bee Balm Carpet Bugle Impatiens Petunias Salvia Butterfly Bush Coral Bells Fuchsia Larkspur Cannas Tree morning glories Tree ocotillo Manzanita Pollination!

9. http://www.kidsgrowingstrong.org/Pollination

10. Changes in distribution of pollinator habitat can affect the hummingbird’s ability to transport pollen

11. Conservation Habitat Conservation: Land management practices that seek to conserve, protect, and restore habitat for plants and animals. How can we help the Rufous Hummingbirds? o We can use the Scientific Method to try to understand why they’re declining!

12. The Hummingbird Citizen Science Project! 1.Question – How does forest cover influence hummingbird presence and abundance? 2.Hypothesis – There will be more hummingbirds in areas with more forest cover 3.Methods – Research by citizen scientists like you! 4.Experiment – Record the amount of nectar in your feeder and observe the hummingbirds you see around the feeder for 2 months 5.Results – The data from your observations! 6.Conclusion – Do your observations support our hypothesis?

13. What You Get To Do! Feeder – the trick to filling it and instructions for making nectar The datasheet

14. What You Get To Do! How do you tell a conifer and deciduous tree apart? Conifer Cone Leaves Deciduous 50 meters – how many steps?

15. Trees - which is which?

16. Which is which?!?!

17. Questions?