1. In-depth look at ISACS 05.60 Border controls and law enforcement cooperation

2. United Nations framework UN Programme of Action All UN Member States commit themselves “to establish, where appropriate, subregional or regional mechanisms, in particular trans- border customs cooperation and networks for information-sharing among law enforcement, border and customs control agencies, with a view to preventing, combating and eradicating the illicit trade in small arms and light weapons across borders” (Section II, Paragraph 27).

3. United Nations framework UN Firearms Protocol Each State Party “shall take appropriate measures: […] To increase the effectiveness of import, export and transit controls, including, where appropriate, border controls, and of police and customs transborder cooperation” (Article 11).

4. ISACS 05.60 Border Controls & Law Enforcement Cooperation Objective Help prevent the illicit cross-border movement of SALW Desired Outcomes States conduct border assessments States conduct targeted border controls based on risk assessments Border control agencies cooperate domestically and across the border Where possible, integrated border management is implemented Available training & technical assistance are being exploited States are fully utilizing INTERPOL & WCO resources

5. Border assessment A border assessment should be carried out, providing information on  The situation at official border crossing points Roles & mandates of law enforcement agencies Infrastructure Processes for cargo & passengers  The situation between border crossing points  An inventory and evaluation of border control agencies  The overall effectiveness of existing border controls  Existing needs in order to strengthen border controls

6. Border controls  Targeted border controls based on risk assessments Carried out in accordance with the WCO SAFE Framework of Standards  States should establish an inter-agency joint risk analysis unit require advance information on cargo and container shipments ensure that SALW are considered a high risk commodity share information on common concealment methods

7. Border controls  Customs Premises Equipment SALW-specific controls  Border Guards mobile patrols operating out of a limited number of strategically located static observation posts  Civil Aviation Authorities Cargo joint risk assessment team with airport customs

8. Border controls  Maritime Authorities International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) Code of Practice on Security in Ports (IMO & ILO)  Immigration Authorities Should have access to INTERPOL databases (MIND & FIND) Machine-readable travel documents & Seafarers’ Identity Documents Identification papers for borderland communities  Intelligence Services Intelligence from borderland communities & related trafficking activities

9. Law Enforcement Cooperation  An Assessment should be carried out of Intra-agency cooperation Inter-agency cooperation Cross-border cooperation  With the goal of establishing “working- level cooperation” (domestic & cross- border)  State agencies operating at the border should have access to shared databases INTERPOL – iARMS (through 1-24/7 on MIND and/or FIND) WCO – Customs enforcement Network (CEN)

10. Law Enforcement Cooperation Cross-border Cooperation  Hot pursuit Continued pursuit across the border and into the territory of a neighbouring State  Cross-border observation Continued observation of trafficking suspect on the territory of a neighbouring State  Controlled deliveries Within the framework of criminal investigations  Join investigations  Data protection

11. Integrated Border Management  Domestic integration between government agencies within one State  Single window processing  International integration between States (bilaterally, regionally and internationally)  International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs procedures (Revised Kyoto Convention)  International Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System  International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Control of Goods

12. WCO resources WCO recommendations on Firearms  UN Firearms Protocol  Insertion of Sub-headings into National Statistical Nomenclatures Customs Enforcement Network (CEN)  Database of (non-nominal) customs seizures and offences  Website containing alerts as well as information of use to customs services  Concealment Picture Database  Communication network Regional Intelligence Liaison Offices (RILO)

13. INTERPOL resources Global, secure police communications  I-24/7 – should be consultative access beyond NCBs to border police, customs and immigration Crime databases  Illicit Arms Records and tracing Management System (iARMS)  Network databases: Fixed INTERPOL Network Database (FIND) Mobile INTERPOL Network Database (MIND)

14. INTERPOL resources iARMS Illicit Arms Records and tracing Management System Launched 31 December 2012 129 countries connected to database 725,000 records in database 31 countries have uploaded data 1,358 tracerequests submitted in 2014 By 33 states to 41 states 336 trace requests answered iARMS is still taking off but will be invaluable resource once fully used by States