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An Introduction to the GRAPPLE Authoring Paradigm & Toolset Jonathan Foss Alexandra Cristea University of Warwick, UK
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The GRAPPLE Framework
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The GAT Framework Learner Model Pedagogical Relations Course Domain
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GRAPPLE Authoring Tool (GAT) Separates the challenge of creating an Adaptive Course into four distinct areas: – Domains (e.g., Astronomy, Finance, etc.) – Pedagogical Relations (prerequisites, etc.) – Learner Models (beginner, int, adv learners; etc.) – Courses (combine above elements) GAT provides tools to address each area – Different authors use different tools! – Separate editing views for beginner/ advanced authors
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THE DOMAIN TOOL Defining Concepts
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Domain Structure content into concepts Relationships defined between concepts is-composed-of is-a
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Domain: Concepts Concepts – Name and Description – Resources: URLs to actual content – Properties: Metadata These can be used for pedagogical purposes later on in the course tool – E.g., the order of the concepts in the menu
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Domain: Relationships Relationships – Allow the definition of inherent domain links between concepts – Custom relationships can also be defined – These can be used for pedagogical purposes later on in the course tool e.g. “parent” relationship allows the menu to be structured JupiterPlanet parent
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Domain: Concepts
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THE COURSE TOOL Creating a Course
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Author can create a course by using pedagogical rules and domain concepts A beginner author has a list of pedagogical rules to select from
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Basic Pedagogical Rules Rules define the behaviour of the course For instance G(rapple)-Prerequisite: States that Planet should be visited before Mars is recommended Items: Planet Name: source Items: Mars Name: target G-Prerequisite
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Basic Pedagogical Rules G(rapple)-Start G(rapple)-Layout Items: Solar System Name: self G-Start Items: Solar System, Planet, Star Name: self G-Layout States that Solar System should be shown first States that Solar System, Planet and Star should be included in the layout menu for the course
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Basic Pedagogical Rules There are 12 default pedagogical rules – G-Prerequisite-Parent – G-Knowledge-Update – G-Knowledge-Propagation – G-Knowledge-Propagation-Parent – G-Hide – G-Unhide – G-Visit – G-Quiz
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Creating a Course Insert pedagogical rules into the course Insert concepts into the sockets of the rules
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Creating a Course
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CREATING PEDAGOGICAL RULES Advanced Mode: Defining pedagogies
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Creating Pedagogical Rules Advanced users can use the Pedagogical Relationship Type tool to define their own rules:
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Creating Pedagogical Rules In the Meta Info tab, authors can add a comment to describe how the rule behaves Parameters can also be defined
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Creating Pedagogical Rules Adaptation rules can be specified using GALE code %target% { #suitability & !`(${%source%#knowledge}>%level%)` }
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Creating Pedagogical Rules Rules can read/write learner model variables
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Creating Pedagogical Rules Constraints can be specified:
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Creating Pedagogical Rules Associating domain relations with this rule
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DEMO
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Conclusions GAT divides the authoring challenge into: – Domain – Course – Pedagogical Rules Authors can specialize according to their ability and interests Tools use simple paradigms, with graphical representations
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Conclusions Come to the Authoring Workshop this afternoon to get a hands-on experience! Thank you for listening Any Questions?
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