1. Chapter 8 System software Part 1 Operating Systems

2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Ch 1 – Introduction
Ch 2 – Internet & WWW
Ch 3 – Application Software
Ch 8 – System Software
Ch 4
Processor
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Instructions Data Information
Memory
Input Devices
Ch 5
Information
Output Devices
Ch 6
Data
Instructions Data Information
Storage Devices
Ch 7

3. Electronic and mechanical equipment
What are hardware and software?
Hardware
Electronic and mechanical equipment
Software
Instructions that tell hardware what tasks to do, control and assist the execution of tasks

4. What is software ( SW )?
Programs that control and assist the operations of the computer – System Software
Programs that perform specific tasks for users – Application Software

5. What is system software?
Programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices
Operating System (OS)
Utility Programs

6. Application Software To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
To serve as productivity business tool
To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
To support personal business, education
To facilitate communications

7. Operating system (OS) (sometimes called the platform) coordinates all activities among computer hardware resources
What is OS?

9. Operating System coordinates all the activities
Start and shut down a computer
Provide a user interface
Schedule
jobs
Manage memory
Manage programs
Work with devices
Work with networks
Monitor performance
Organize and manage files
Automatic
updates
Control the computer
Administer security

10. What are the functions of an operating system?
start (boot) the computer
provide a user interface
manage programs
Internet connections
administer security
manage memory
control a network
establish an Internet connection
configure devices
schedule jobs
provide file management

11. What is booting? Starting a computer Bringing in the kernel of OS
Learning about resources
Checking the resources
Displaying the desktop

12. Three shut down options
Shut down closes all, forgets everything, powers off
Sleep mode saves any open documents, turns off all unneeded functions
Hibernate saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer

13. What is a user interface?
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information displays on screen
Provides tools and means to tell the computer what to do and for the computer to tell you what is going on.

14. What is the command-line user interface?

15. What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
User interacts with menus and visual images such as buttons and other graphical objects

16. Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program

17. How does an operating system schedule jobs?
A job is an operation having an input, an output,
and a meaningful function
Jobs have to be scheduled for execution To be scheduled they have to be assigned by OS all required by them resources

18. Cooperative OS Preemptive by quantum Preemptive by priorities
How does OS manages programs?
Expects programs to cooperate –
Cooperative OS
Gives each program a slice of time –
Preemptive by quantum
Gives programs time according to their priorities –
Preemptive by priorities

19. What is memory management?
Optimizing use of random access memory (RAM)
With virtual memory (VM), portion of hard disk is allocated to function as RAM

20. Plug and Play automatically configures new devices as you install them
A device driver is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device
Plug and Play automatically configures new devices as you install them

21. What is spooling?
Sending print jobs to buffer instead of directly to printer

22. How do you establish an Internet connection?
Operating system includes Connect to a network wizard, that guides the user through setting up connection between computer and Internet service provider

23. A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices

24. What are the functions of an operating system?
start the computer: booting, BIOS, kernel, resources detection & test
provide a user interface: command-line, GUI
schedule jobs: waiting, ready, running
manage programs: cooperative, preemptive, quantum, priorities
manage memory
configure devices: device drivers
organize file system
connect to the Internet
control a network
administer security

25. Ch 8 System software Operating Systems - continued

26. Categories of operating systems?
Embedded
Network
The machine
Group of computers, the computer and the user
Stand-alone
The computer and the user

27. Windows 7 Windows Vista Windows XP Linux Mac OS X Chrome OS UNIX
Stand-alone operating systems
Windows 7
Windows Vista
Windows XP
Linux
Mac OS X
Chrome OS
UNIX

28. Windows 7 is Microsoft’s fastest, most efficient operating system to date and is available in multiple editions:
Windows 7 Starter
Windows 7 Home Premium
Windows 7 Ultimate
Windows 7 Professional

29. Desktop Gadget Gallery
Windows 7 provides programs such as:
Windows Firewall
Windows DVD Maker
Windows Media Player
Desktop Gadget Gallery

31. Windows versions Windows 3.x 1990 Windows 95 1995 Windows 98 1998
Windows Version Year Released
Windows 3.x 1990
Windows
Windows
Windows Millennium 2000
Windows XP 2001
Windows Vista 2006
Windows

32. The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating system ease of use Latest version is Mac OS X

33. What is Mac OS X? Available only for computers manufactured by Apple
Integration of SW and HW
Macintosh operating system has been model for most GUIs

34. What is UNIX?
Used by power users because of its flexibility and power

35. What is Linux? Popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system
Open-source softwaree Code is available to public

36. Network Operating Systems
Allows users to share resources on a network
Windows Server 2008
UNIX
Linux
Solaris

37. A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network A server operating system organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network
A network administrator uses the server operating system to:
Add and remove users, computers, and other devices
Install software and administer network security

38. An embedded operating system are for mobile devices or consumer electronic device
Windows Embedded CE
Windows Mobile
Palm OS
iPhone OS
Blackberry
Embedded Linux
Symbian OS
Android

40. Ch 8 System software Utility Programs
What is a utility program?
System software that performs maintenance-type tasks

41. System software provides users with the capability of: Managing files
Searching for files
Viewing images
Securing a computer
Uninstalling programs
Cleaning up disks
Defragmenting disks
Diagnosing problems
Backing up files and disks
Setting up screen savers

42. What is a file manager? Windows Explorer
Performs functions related to file management

43. A file manager is a utility that performs functions related to file management
Displaying a list of files
Organizing files in folders
Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders
Creating shortcuts

44. A personal firewall detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions

45. Removes a program and all associated files
What is an uninstaller?
Removes a program and all associated files
For Windows Vista it is
in the Control Panel

46. What is a disk scanner?
Searches for and removes unnecessary files

47. A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files
Downloaded program files
Temporary Internet files
Deleted files
Unused program files

48. What is a disk defragmenter?
Reorganizes files and unused space on hard disk so programs run faster

49. What is a diagnostic utility?
Compiles technical information about hardware and software
Prepares report outlining problems

50. Performance monitor assesses and reports about system resources and devices

51. A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form

52. A screen saver causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time

53. A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively
A worm copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network
A Trojan horse hides within or looks like a legitimate program
An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses

55. What is an antivirus program?
Identifies and removes viruses in memory, storage media, and incoming files
Must be updated frequently

56. Adware displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window
Spyware is a program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user
A spyware remover detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs
Adware displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window
An adware remover is a program that detects and deletes adware

57. Web filters Anti-spam programs Phishing filters Pop-up blockers
Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed
Web filters
Anti-spam programs
Phishing filters
Pop-up blockers

58. What is a file compression utility?
Shrinks size of files to free up room and improve performance
Compressed files are sometimes called zipped files
Two popular utilities: PKZIP and WinZip

59. A search utility attempts to locate a file based on criteria you specify

60. What is a media player?
Allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer

61. Disc burning software writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc

62. A personal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance

63. Popular Utility Programs
Antivirus Program
Personal Firewall
Spyware Remover
Internet Filters
File Manager
File Compression
Backup
Media Player
CD/DVD Burning
PC Maintenance

64. Popular Utility Programs
Uninstaller
Disk
scanner
Diagnostic
Utility
Disk
defragmenter
Performance
monitor
Screen
saver

65. To see the online addition to the book click here