1. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 1 We’re All in This Together: Organization and Teamwork

2. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 2 Effective Organization Structure Divide responsibilities Distribute authority Coordinate and control work Promote accountability

3. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 3 Organization Chart Formal organization Informal organization

4. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 4 Identifying Job Responsibilities Work specialization –Advantages Efficiency Productivity –Disadvantages Boredom Alienation

5. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 5 Chain of Command Responsibility Accountability Authority Delegation

6. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 6 Simplified Line-and-Staff Structure Chain of command –Line organization –Line-and-staff organization

7. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 7 Span of Management Flat organizations Tall organizations

8. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 8 Decision-Making Authority Centralized –Top-level management Decentralized –Lower-level management

9. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 9 Organizing the Workforce Departmentalization –Function –Division –Network –Matrix –Hybrid

10. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 10 Functional Structures Skills Resource use Expertise

11. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 11 Departmentalization by Function Disadvantages Departmental BarriersDepartmental Barriers Slow Response TimeSlow Response Time Ineffective PlanningIneffective Planning OverspecializationOverspecialization Advantages Resource AllocationResource Allocation Unified DirectionUnified Direction Improved CoordinationImproved Coordination Better CommunicationBetter Communication

12. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 12 Divisional Structures Products Processes Geography Customers

13. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 13 Departmentalization by Divisions AdvantagesDisadvantages Flexibility Better Service Management Focus Wasting Resources Poor Coordination Divisional Competition

14. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 14 Departmentalization by Matrix Advantages –Skills and expertise –Resource use Disadvantages –Reporting issues –Authority issues –Interpersonal conflicts

15. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 15 Departmentalization by Network Advantages –Lower costs –Increased flexibility –More competitiveness Disadvantages –Lower control –Increased vulnerability –Less distinctiveness

16. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 16 Hybrid Structure Functions Divisions Network Matrix

17. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 17 Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams Goals Synergy Responsibility Skills

18. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 18 Workplace Teams Problem-solving Self-managed Functional

19. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 19 Cross-Functional Teams Task forces Special-purpose Committees

20. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 20 Virtual Teams Maximize diversity Employ technology Promote teamwork

21. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 21 Working In Teams OpportunitiesChallenges Higher-quality decisions Increased commitment Lower stress levels Less internal competition Improved flexibility Inefficiency Groupthink Diminished motivation Structural disruption Excessive workloads

22. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 22 Characteristics of Effective Teams Appropriate size and structure Clear sense of purpose Open honest communication Creative thinking Focused efforts Decision by consensus

23. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 23 Five Stages of Team Development Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

24. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 24 Level of Cohesiveness Competition –Meeting attendance –Team interaction Evaluation –Work quality –Goal Achievement

25. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 25 Emergence of Norms Standards of conduct –Set limits –Identify values Acceptable behavior –Clarify expectations –Facilitate survival

26. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 26 Team Conflict Competition for scarce resources Responsibility issues Poor communication Values, attitudes, and personalities Authority issues Goal incompatibility

27. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 27 Dealing With Conflict Resolution –Avoidance –Confrontation –Diffusion Prevention –Clear goals –Well-defined tasks –Open communication

28. © Prentice Hall, 2007Excellence in Business, 3eChapter 8 - 28 Team Meetings Clarify the purpose Select participants Clarify and focus on the agenda Follow the rules Promote participation Close effectively