1. World War I Vocabulary
U.S.H. Ch. 11

2. nationalism
- a devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation.

3. militarism
- the policy of building up armed forces in aggressive preparedness for war and their use as a tool of diplomacy.

4. Allies
- the group of nations - originally consisting of Great Britain, France Russia and later joined by the United States, Italy and others.

5. Central Powers
- the group on nations - led by Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire.

6. Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Heir to the Austrian throne. His assassination triggered the beginning of WWI.

7. no man's land
- an unoccupied region between opposing armies.

8. trench warfare
- military operations in which the opposing forces attack and counterattack from systems of fortified ditches rather than on an open battlefield.

9. Lusitania
- a British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-boat in 1915

10. Zimmermann note
- a message sent in 1917 by the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance and promising to help Mexico regain Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona if the United States entered World War I.

11. Eddie Rickenbacker
- famous fighter pilot who repeatedly fought the German air squadron led by the "Red Baron."

12. Selective Service Act
- a law, enacted in 1917, that required men to register for military service.

13. convoy system
- the protection of merchant sips from U-boat (German submarine) attacks by having the ships travel in large groups escorted by warships.

14. American Expeditionary Force
- the U.S. forces, led by General John Pershing, who fought with the Allies in Europe during World War I.

15. General John J. Pershing
- The commander of the American Expeditionary Force.

16. Alvin York
- Objected to fighting because the bible said "Thou shall not kill.”

17. conscientious objector
- a person who refuses, on moral grounds, to participate in warfare.

18. armistice
- a truce, or agreement to end an armed conflict.

19. War Industries Board
- an agency established during World War I to increase efficiency and discourage waste in war-related industries.

20. Bernard M. Baruch
- Prosperous businessman who reorganized the War Industries Board.

21. propaganda
- biased communication designed to influence people's thoughts and actions.

22. George Creel
- Head of the Committee on Public Information, a government agency designed to make the war popular among Americans.

23. Espionage and Sedition Acts
- two laws, enacted in 1917 and 1918, that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against U.S. participation in WWI

24. Great Migration
- the large scale movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities in the early 20th century

25. Fourteen Points
- the principles making up President Woodrow Wilson's plan for world peace following World War I.

26. League of Nations
- an association of nations established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace.

27. Georges Clemenceau
- French premier who was determined to prevent future German invasions of France.

28. David Lloyd George
- British Prime minister who won reelection on the slogan "Make Germany Pay."

29. Treaty of Versailles
- the 1919 peace treaty at the end of World War I which established new nations, borders, and war reparations.

30. reparations
- the compensation paid by defeated nation for the damage or injury it inflicted during a war.

31. war-guilt clause
- a provision in the Treaty of Versailles by which Germany acknowledged that it alone was responsible for World War I.

32. Henry Cabot Lodge
- US conservative senator who opposed Wilson's League of Nations.