1. Immigration,
U.S. History II

2. A Century of Immigration: 1820 - 1920
5,907,893 Germans
16.4% of all immigrants
25-36% between
4,578,941 Irish
12.7% of all immigrants
35-45% between
4,195,880 Italians
3,000,000 between
2,147,859 Scandinavians

3. Why They Left – Push Factors
Lack of jobs
Agriculture no longer viable
Escaping persecution
Dodging the draft
Irish Tenants Evicted

4. Why They Came – Pull Factors
Wages 2-3 times higher in U.S.
Friends & relatives already here
Greater economic, social, & political freedom
Immigrants on board

5. How They Came – Means Recruitment Padrones Steamships
“Birds of Passage”
HMS Majestic, White Star Line, 1889

6. Cabin vs. Steerage Accommodations

7. Ellis Island, New York

8. Covered Entrance

9. Great Hall

10. Inspection

11. Hearing Room

12. Where Immigrants Settled

13. Urban Immigrants

14. Ethnic Ghettoes Never completely homogenous Dumbbell tenements
Created organizations to preserve culture
Churches
Schools
Benevolent associations
Singing clubs
Mulberry St., Manhattan
Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000

15. Tenement Sweatshop
Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000

16. Cooperation For Survival:
Think about: Finding a place to live, a job, understanding the language and culture in a new country
Many immigrants settled in communities with other immigrants from same country.

17. Angel Island: Not all immigrants came through Ellis Island
Angel Island - Immigration station for the Asian immigrants arriving on the West Coast- San Francisco.
Inspection process more difficult than on Ellis Island. (filthy conditions, harsh questioning)

18. Immigration Restrictions:
America started to be called a MELTING POT - Many cultures & races had blended
But, many immigrants refused to give up their culture.

19. The Rise of Nativism:
Some Americans didn’t like so many immigrants living in the U.S.
NATIVISM- preference for native-born Americans.
Nativism
1. Gave rise to anti- immigrant groups
2. Led to a demand for immigration restrictions.

20. Citizenship Test
The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?
A: We the People
What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?
A: The Bill of Rights
How many amendments does the Constitution have?
A: 27

21. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?
A:life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?
A: 6 yrs
We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?
A:2 yrs
What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?
A: Joe Biden

22. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?
A: Speaker of the House
Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
provide schooling and education
provide protection (police)
provide safety (fire departments)
give a driver’s license
approve zoning and land use

23. Who is the Governor of your state now?
A:Mike Pence
What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?
A: Louisiana Territory
Name the U.S. war between the North and the South
The Civil War

24. Angel Island Reading
Why was Angel Island known as the “Ellis Island of the west”?
Why did it matter that Wong looked wealthy and had money on him?
How did the Lopez family’s experience differ from Wong’s? Why were they not allowed in the U.S.?
What were the “strikes” against the 6 Korean students and why were they finally allowed in?
Why did Soto Shee try to commit suicide there?
Describe the differences and similarities you see between Ellis and Angel Island. Which would you have preferred to go through and why?

25. Immigration Writing
Write a two paragraph response to what you have learned about immigration to the U.S. Use the following questions as a guide:
Why do so many people in other countries want to come to the U.S.?
How much do you appreciate being a U.S. citizen?
How do you feel about past policies such as the Chinese Exclusion Act and quotas on certain groups (such as Jews)?
How important is it for America to remain open to new people and what restrictions should be used today?

26. Project: Things to Consider…
What do I want to learn about my family?
Who will I talk to in order to learn this?
What details will I include in my essay and which will I leave out?
Why is it important to learn about my family’s history?