1. 1280-1914

3.  Ottoman Turks Ghazi warriors settled in Anatolia Military people: focused on conquest Named after leader Osman I  War with Byzantine Empire Viewed as an extension of holy war to spread Islam Take pieces of empire bit by bit 1453: take Constantinople; end of Byzantine Empire

4.  Muhammad II Made Constantinople capital  1481: control Turkey, Balkans, & parts of Europe

5.  Selim I Conquered Egypt, Israel/Palestine, & Arabia Controlled Muslim, Christianity, and Jewish holy lands  Suleiman the Magnificent Gain more land in Europe and recognition from nations like France, Austria-Hungary Empire reaches its peak

6.  How did the Ottomans set up their government?  Identify the following: People of the Pen People of the Sword  What restrictions on Christians and Jews were there?  How were religious and ethnic minorities treated? What advantages did they bring to the empire?

7.  What internal factors contributed to the decline of the Ottoman Empire?  What external factors contributed to the decline of the Ottoman Empire?