1. Ancient Egypt

2. Life Along the Nile
The Nile allowed ancient Egyptians to build their great civilization in a desert.

3. Transportation
Egyptians used boats to move people and ship goods along the river.

4. Pharaohs
A pharaoh was a type of King. Egyptians believed in an afterlife, or life after death.
A pyramid is a stone monument that served as a tomb, or burying place.
One of the most famous pyramids is the Great Pyramid build by King Khufu.

5. Mummies
A mummy is a body prepared in a special way for burial. The mummy was placed in a coffin and the coffin was then placed in a pyramid, or tomb, along with other things for the afterlife. Only the richest could afford to be buried this way.

6. Government and Economy
As the most powerful person in the land, the pharaoh controlled many things in ancient Egypt.
Egyptians specialized in different jobs. They carried out the pharaoh’s plans and projects such as building pyramids or irrigation canals.
Because they didn’t use money, people paid taxes with goods or work.

7. Scribes Scribes were specially trained workers who had important jobs.
Scribes kept the record for the kingdom using hieroglyphics.
Hieroglyphics is a kind of writing based on pictures and signs invented by the Egyptians.

8. Lesson Review
VOCABULARY – Choose the best word to complete the sentence.
mummy pyramid
For life after death, a pharaoh built a _______.

9. Lesson Review
READING SKILL – List three details that show how the Nile helped the Egyptians. Use the graphic organizer on your worksheet to complete the task. (pages )
MAIN IDEA – Culture In what ways did the belief in life after death affect Egyptian civilization? (pages )

10. Lesson Review
MAIN IDEA – Government What role did the scribes play in ancient Egypt’s government? (page 342 and page 344)
TIMELINE SKILL – When did King Khufu rule? Refer to the timeline below to answer.

11. Lesson Review
CRITICAL THINKING – Analyze In what ways does writing help a civilization run smoothly?