1. PC Support & Repair Chapter 7 Laptops

2. Objectives After completing this chapter, you will meet these objectives: ▫ Describe laptops and other portable devices. ▫ Identify and describe the components of a laptop. ▫ Compare and contrast desktop and laptop components. ▫ Explain how to configure laptops. ▫ Compare the different mobile phone standards. ▫ Identify common preventive maintenance techniques for laptops and portable devices. ▫ Describe how to troubleshoot laptops and portable devices.

3. Identify Components of Laptops Describe the components found on the outside of the laptop. Describe the components found on the inside of the laptop. Compare & contrast laptop expansion options.

4. Project In your group, identify all ports on each side, front, and back Identify ports that are not on your laptop that other laptops may have

5. Laptop Ports Memory Stick Reader SD Card Slot VGA Port HDMI Port USB 3.0 Port USB 2.0 Ports Ethernet Port DC Port

6. Laptop Ports Optical Drive Cable Lock Microphone & Headphone Microphone & Headphone

7. Other Laptop Ports

8. Special Keys & Buttons

9. Review- 4Q USB 3.0 ports are commonly what color? ▫ Blue What else can you plug into an eSATA port? ▫ USB device What does the SS mean when attached to the USB logo? ▫ Super Speed…it’s USB 3.0 If there’s a lightning bolt attached to that logo, then what does that mean? ▫ High-powered charging is available through that port

10. Expansion Slots- OLD PC Card/PCMCIA Card TypeThicknessUsesNotes Type I3.3mmMemoryObsolete Type II5.0mmI/O ports Most used dongles Type III10.5mm HD’s & Combo I/O ports No dongles; Supports Type II slot

11. Expansion Slots- OLD PC Card/PCMCIA

12. Expansion Slots- ExpressCard Replaced PCMCIA with faster throughput 34 or 54mm wide, 5mm thin Hot-pluggable Replaced by USB 2.0/3.0 ports

13. Expansion Slots- ExpressCard

14. Project Complete the handout to identify cards and ports

15. Review- 4Q A type II PCMCIA card is how thick? ▫ 5.0mm A type III PCMCIA card is how thick? ▫ 10.5mm ExpressCards come in two widths. Name them. ▫ 34 & 54mm Why did ExpressCards replace PC Cards? ▫ Faster throughput

17. Replacing & Upgrading Internal Parts Return to manufacturer or service center for repair Sub an external component for broken internal one Replace the internal component Before doing anything: ▫ Backup data ▫ Remove any cards ▫ Unplug & remove battery ▫ Ground yourself

18. Rules for Disassembly Follow documentation Use appropriate tools Document & label cable and screw locations Most parts are proprietary- DON’T BREAK THEM!

19. Battery Replacement Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) used today Some do not have removable battery

20. Keyboard & Touchpad Replacement FRU Replace Keyboard

21. Hard Drive Replacement 2.5” hard drive, SATA Mots likely accessible from bottom ▫ Could be under keyboard or side mount More Difficult HD Replacement

22. Optical Drive Replacement Optical Drive Replacement

23. Memory Upgrade 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM Check max RAM supported first Insert on an angle & push down Check after done Replace RAM

24. Wireless Card Replacement Mini-PCI or mini-PCIe (current) ▫ Mini-PCIe has 2 antennas Maybe be accessible from back or under keyboard Mini-PCIe Wireless Card Replacement

25. Wireless Card Replacement

26. Project Find & price FRUs for a laptop ▫ RAM ▫ HD ▫ Mini-PCIe card ▫ Optical drive ▫ keyboard

27. Review- 4Q How many pins is today’s DDR3 SODIMM? ▫ 204 pins What size hard drive is in laptops? ▫ 2.5” What kind of batteries are in today’s laptops? ▫ Li-Ion Before you work on a laptop, what should you do? ▫ Remove power & battery; touch metal to discharge

28. Replacing the Display Screen black= replace screen Screen dim= replace inverter ▫ Converts DC to AC power ▫ LED backlight has no inverter (DC power from mobo) Replace inverter

29. Backlight & Inverter

30. Display & Resolution LCD ▫ Fluorescent backlight LED ▫ Array of LED lighting ▫ Even brightness & half the power OLED ▫ Organic compounds between electrodes produce light Plasma ▫ Not in laptops- high power consumption

31. Display & Resolution Resolution: horizontal x vertical ▫ 1024 x 768 & up ▫ XGA, WXGA, SXGA, UXGA, WUXGA Native Resolution ▫ Best display setting between monitor & graphics card ▫ Anything else would be distorted/stretched Refresh Rate ▫ Rescan of screen per second; 60Hz ▫ Higher rate= more fluid video

32. Display & Resolution

33. Multiple Displays Use the Fn keys or Windows + P to switch display output

34. Project Lab 7.5.2.5 Laptop Screen Worksheet

35. Review- 4Q What display is very bright & uses little power? ▫ LED What is a monitor’s best possible resolution called? ▫ Native resolution The higher this is, the more fluid motion is on your monitor. What is it? ▫ Refresh rate If your laptop display is dim, replace this. What is it? ▫ Inverter

36. On the Inside: Laptop vs. Desktop Laptop motherboard is proprietary RAM is SODIMM

37. Docking Station Laptop attaches to dock with connector on laptop Dock has expansion slots & other ports Keep peripherals hooked up all the time

38. Port Replicator Similar to docking station No expansion slots, just more ports Keep peripherals connected all the time

39. Power Settings Advanced Power Management (APM)- OLD ▫ BIOS controls settings ▫ Anything setup in Windows conflicted with BIOS Advanced Configuration & Power Interface (ACPI) ▫ Create power management schemes in Windows that don’t interfere with BIOS settings ▫ Turn off power to peripherals when not in use

40. ACPI in BIOS

41. ACPI States S0- On & CPU running S1- CPU/RAM get power, unused devices not S2- CPU off S3- Sleep, RAM gets power S4- Hibernate, RAM contents saved to file in HD S5- Off

42. Windows 7 Power Options

43. Laptop Power States Sleep ▫ Open files & programs saved to RAM ▫ Everything shut down except RAM & just enough to quickly wake up Hibernate ▫ All work saved to hard drive & powers down ▫ Low battery in sleep mode gets put into hibernation

44. Project Power Management Worksheet Screenshot of your home computer’s Power Option Settings

45. Review- 3Q What is the name of the current laptop power management feature in BIOS? ▫ ACPI Which kind of laptop expansion station includes expansion slots? ▫ Docking station Which power saving mode saves files/programs to the hard drive and powers down? ▫ Hibernate

46. Laptop Communications Bluetooth ▫ IEEE 802.15.1 ▫ 2.4GHz ▫ Class 2 most common (33ft.) ▫ Supports data & file transfer Infrared ▫ Low power ▫ Very short range 3ft or less (line of sight)

47. Laptop Communications WiFi ▫ Built-in or USB/expansion card Cellular WAN ▫ PC Card ▫ USB ▫ Connect to Hot Spot

48. Preventive Maintenance Set a schedule/plan for laptops What 3 things should be included? ▫ Cleaning, Hard Drive maintenance, software updates What should you use to clean laptops? ▫ Compressed air, mild solution for outside, lint-free cloth

49. Cleaning Keyboard & touchpad ▫ Wipe w/ lint-free cloth & screen cleaner Vents ▫ Compressed air LCD screen ▫ Cloth & cleaner ▫ DO NOT spray cleaner on screen! Optical Drive ▫ Cleaning kit

50. Cleaning CD or DVD Hold disc by outer edge or by inside edge Use a lint-free cotton cloth Wipe from center of disc outward ▫ Never use a circular motion Apply a CD/DVD cleaning solution to lint-free cloth, & wipe again Allow disc to dry before it is inserted into the drive

51. Troubleshooting & Common Problems No display ▫ CAUSES: failed inverter or backlight, laptop on external display setting Can’t display on projector ▫ CAUSES: not connected, display settings/Fn key Dim display ▫ CAUSE: inverter failure Flickering display ▫ CAUSE: backlight, replace screen or laptop ($$)

52. Troubleshooting & Common Problems No Power ▫ CAUSES: plugged in, test outlet, check AC cord in brick, check adapter with multimeter Battery not charging/not holding a charge ▫ CAUSES: battery contacts dirty, defective if very hot or warped, battery life old Keyboard problems ▫ CAUSES: sticky keys (dirty; replace keys or whole keyboard),

53. Troubleshooting & Common Problems No WiFi connectivity ▫ CAUSES: WiFi switch off, lost connection (sign on again), WiFi card bad, check device manager

54. Review- 4Q How can you keep a laptop physically secure? ▫ Kensington lock Which laptop expansion cards only came in 16-bit and 3 different types? ▫ PC Card/PCMCIA What are the 3 thicknesses of PC Cards? ▫ 3.3mm, 5.0mm, 10.5mm The faster and current expansion cards come in what 2 sizes? ▫ 54mm & 34mm

55. Review- 4Q What kind of memory goes in laptops? ▫ SODIMM What should you do before disassembling a laptop? ▫ Unplug, remove battery, remove accessories If your LCD display is dim, what is the problem? ▫ Bad inverter Which type of common display is bright & energy efficient? ▫ LED

56. Review- 3Q Which power mode puts the laptop in low-power mode and saves the current state/open files in memory? ▫ Sleep What is the current power management mode which allows Windows & BIOS to work together? ▫ ACPI Your Mini-PCIe wireless card has failed. What is the easiest & most cost effective solution to connect to the network? ▫ Wireless USB or Ethernet

57. Summary Laptops are unique because of their compact size and their ability to operate on battery power. Laptops use the same types of ports as desktop computers so that peripheral devices can be interchangeable. Essential input devices, such as a keyboard and track pad, are built-into laptops to provide similar functionality as desktop computers. The internal components of laptops are typically smaller than desktop components because they are designed to fit into compact spaces and conserve energy. Laptops feature function keys that can be pressed in combination with the Fn key. The functions performed by these keys are specific to the laptop model. Docking stations and port replicators can increase the functionality of laptops by providing the same types of ports that are featured on desktop computers. Laptops most commonly feature LCD and LED monitors.

58. Summary Backlights and inverters illuminate laptop displays. The power settings of laptop batteries can be configured to ensure that power is used efficiently. Laptops can feature a number of wireless technologies, including Bluetooth, Infrared, Wi-Fi and the ability to access Cellular WANs. Laptops provide a number of expansion possibilities. Users can add memory to increase performance, make use of flash memory to increase storage capacity, or increase functionality by using expansion cards. Laptop components consist of CRUs and FRUs. Laptop components should be cleaned regularly in order to extend the life of the laptop.

59. Quiz- 15 Questions

60. PC Support & Repair Chapter 7 Laptops