1. Chapter 10

2.  DSLR’s are being used more in Filmmaking  Good option for filmmaker on a budget ▪ Good image quality ▪ Low price ▪ Great low-light performance ▪ Huge selection of lenses

3.  DSLR’s are being used more in Filmmaking  Challenges ▪ DSLR’s were not designed for shooting moving images ▪ Using them can be challenging and complicated  However ▪ DSLR’s make advanced filmmaking technology affordable for indie filmmakers

4.  What’s Different with a DSLR  Structure of the camera ▪ Still cameras are designed to be gripped with one hand ▪ And adjusted (Lens zoom, focus, etc.) with the other hand ▪ Pro video cameras are designed to sit on the shoulder ▪ Helps with stabilization and movement of the camera  Rigs have been designed to help with use of DSLR’s for video

5.  DSLR’s have many interchangeable lenses  Provides many custom shooting options ▪ Wide/Extremely wide angle ▪ Telephoto ▪ Low light (f1.2/f1.4) ▪ Excellent for night shooting with little or no extra light ▪ Shallow depth of field ▪ (DSLR’s designed for it)

6.  DSLR’s  Shallow depth of field feature ▪ Increases need for careful focus ▪ DSLR’s usually require manual focus  No motorized Zoom ▪ Users will dolly or use tracks to move closer to subject ▪ Zoom lenses are an option ▪ Look for lenses with manual zoom option  Poor audio recording option ▪ Use “Double-system sound”

8.  Guerrilla Shooting ▪ A form of indie filmmaking characterized by ▪ Low budgets, ▪ Skeleton crews ▪ Simple props using whatever is available. ▪ Scenes are shot quickly in real locations without warning  Often by filmmakers that don't have the budget for ▪ Permits, ▪ Location Rental ▪ Set building  Studios avoid guerrilla filmmaking tactics because they could be sued, fined, or get their reputation hurt.

9.  DSLR Camera Settings for HD Video  Video mode  Frame rate & size  Shutter speed  F-Stop  Set the focus  White balance  Image stabilization

10.  Working with Interchangeable Lenses  Offers for a customizable camera  Allows use of High Quality lenses ▪ Canon L-Series ▪ Nikon ▪ Zeiss ▪ And more ▪ Also allows prime lenses

11.  What lens do I need? ▪ Three basic lenses to have on hand ▪ Wide Angle ▪ Normal Lens (Human eye field-of-view) ▪ Telephoto lens  How to get a shallow depth of field ▪ Shoot in low light ▪ Use ND filters ▪ Use a longer lens ▪ Increase shutter speed ▪ Decrease the gain/ISO

12.  Importance of focus ▪ Images in focus on a small LCD Screen ▪ May be out of focus when presented on a larger screen  Measuring Focus ▪ Using the focus ring (if applicable) on camera ▪ Indicates distance from camera to subject for perfect focus  Pulling Focus ▪ When focus is adjusted as actor move ▪ Rack Focus ▪ An intentional visible shift in focus

13.  Camera rigging & support ▪ Base plate ▪ Rods  DSLR Camera riggings  Glidecams/Steadicams  Dollies  Sliders  Jibs & Cranes  Aerials, car mounts & shotmakers

14.  Viewing video on set  Enhanced viewfinders  Camera-top monitors  Field Monitors

15.  Double-System Audio Recording ▪ When audio is recorded on a separate device  Despite potential for good audio ▪ Reasons to use separate device are ▪ Using small camera with movements not good for external mics ▪ Multiple microphone use (when multiple inputs aren’t available) ▪ When camera and dialogue are in different location  Camera is on roof, actors are on street ▪ Multi-Camera shoots  All cameras will share audio in post

16.  Multi-Cam Shooting  Standard for televised broadcast video ▪ News, Sports, Sitcoms, etc. ▪ Good for capturing spontaneous action ▪ With little editing required in post

17.  Multi-Cam basics  Cameras need to be synched ▪ So footage will line up with time code for all cameras  Cameras should be matched ▪ Including: ▪ Camera model/type ▪ Lens/focal length ▪ F-stop, White balance ▪ Shutter speed, Frame rate, frame size ▪ Codec, filters, ▪ Other features that affect output

18.  Multi-Cam Challenges  On set ▪ Lighting ▪ (outdoor natural light may ease challenge) ▪ Framing shots ▪ Shots need to be different enough to avoid a jump cut ▪ Location of boom operator ▪ So they are not in the shot

19.  Going Tapeless  Newer cameras are using media cards ▪ Less of a hassle ▪ Risk of accidental deletion ▪ Keep multiple cards on hand  Tape & media card combo ▪ Some cameras offer use of both ▪ To have a back up tape for archiving