1. Bellringer List three facts about Hinduism 11/17/10
Daily Announcements

2. Agenda
11/17/10
Indian Empires
Buddhism

3. Objectives
11/17/10
Students will be able to… 30. Summarize the major features of the Mauryan and Gupta Empires. 31. Describe the major beliefs and traditions of Buddhism.

4. Aryan Kingdoms
Aryan kingdoms dominated India beginning around 1000 BCE
No single, unified leader
Run over by Alexander the Great (we’ll talk about him later)

5. Objective #30
Split GRAPES
Draw a line down the center of the GRAPES chart to divide it in two
On the left side, write Mauryan Empire
On the right side, write Gupta Empire
At the bottom
Left: write “321 BCE to 232 BCE”
Right: write “320 CE to 500’s CE”

6. Mauryan Empire

7. What ocean surrounds India?
Geography
What ocean surrounds India?

8. What mountain range is shown?
Geography
What mountain range is shown?

9. What river valley was to the east?
Geography
What river valley was to the east?

10. What empire was to the west?
Geography
What empire was to the west?

11. Geography

12. Geography Mauryan Empire united Indian subcontinent
Ganges and Indus Rivers
Up to the Himalaya and Hindu-Kush Mountains

13. Religion Mainly Hinduism
Ashoka (a king) spread Buddhism through missionaries

14. Achievements Under Chandragupta United India for the first time
Strong bureaucracy
Under Ashoka
Religious tolerance
Built roads, free hospitals, hotels

15. Political Chandragupta conquered the empire and established a dynasty
Bureaucracy helped run the government
Ashoka
Became a non-violent Buddhist, used the government to care for his people rather than gain wealth or power

16. Asoka says:
All men are my children. What I desire for my own children, and I desire their welfare and happiness both in this world and the next, that I desire for all men. You do not understand to what extent I desire this, and if some of you do understand, you do not understand the full extent of my desire.

17. More Political People liked Ashoka
Good ruler, but weakened the government
No strong ruler followed him
Empire fell apart

18. Economic Very heavy taxes to pay for the army and public works
Political centralization opens India to trade with China and Persia

19. Social
See Hinduism

20. A Period of Turmoil 500 years without a strong leader Turmoil, noun
A state or condition of extreme confusion or commotion
Without any damage or injury, for 30 seconds, demonstrate turmoil

21. Gupta Empire

22. Geography

23. Religion
Hinduism

24. Achievements The Golden Age of India Gupta = Golden!
Trade by land and sea, east and west
Develop astronomy, advanced math (the numbers you use), calendar
Develop banking, incredible amounts of wealth
Helps spread culture, art, literature

25. Political Gupta kings used marriage (and an army) to create an empire
Last strong king declines in 415 CE, empire starts to collapse
In the 500s CE, invaders “without settled homes” attack India

26. Economic Very rich empire (but only the kings got rich)
Invented banking
LOTS of trade

27. Social
See Hinduism

28. Objective #31
Buddhism

29. Hinduism’s Problems Some people did not like Inequality
Inaccessibility (need priests to interact with gods for you)

30. The Solution
A new faith, started by a Hindu prince who meditated on the world’s problems
Siddhartha Gautama grew up sheltered from the world. When he left his palace, he was shocked by what he saw
Became the founder of Buddhism

31. Buddha Siddhartha left his life in a palace to seek wisdom
No one he met had any
So he meditated under a tree until he finally discovered the truth about the world
He became known as the Buddha: awakened or enlightened one

32. Four Noble Truths To live is to suffer Suffering is caused by desire
To end suffering, you must get rid of all desires
To do so, follow the Eightfold Path to enlightenment

33. Get on the path! Tear a sheet of paper into 8 squares
On four of the squares, write down things that cause you to suffer
On four of the squares, write down things that you desire
Crumble each square into a ball

34. Rid yourself of your suffering and desires!
Get on the path!
Rid yourself of your suffering and desires!
Throw them at the recycling bin!

35. Nirvana
Buddha and his followers believed he had achieved enlightenment, what they called nirvana
Enlightenment can be achieved by acting, thinking, and believing in the proper way
Nirvana ends your soul’s reincarnation

36. Karma Buddhists believe in karma, much like Hindus
Instead of determining caste, karma provides your reincarnated self with desirable qualities (wealth, beauty, influence, etc.)
Karma is based on your intentions, not just your actions

37. Solving Problems Hinduism has inequality
Buddhism rejects the caste system. All Buddhists belong to the religious community (sangha)
Hinduism is inaccessible, requires priests
Buddhism is very personal, individual meditation and self-improvement
Can reach nirvana in a single lifetime

38. About Buddha
Buddha is not a god! “Buddha” is a title granted to Siddhartha Gautama
Fat Buddha, and Buddha worship, is a later Chinese development

39. Religious Spread