1. CalPoly - IEEE, EPI, PES May 27, 2010 Rick Miller, PE, LC, LEED-AP RNM Engineering, Inc. San Luis Obispo, CA Consulting Electrical Engineering How Your Engineering Education Applies to the Real World

2. Agenda Describe consulting engineer's role in the design of power distribution and lighting systems for buildings (How your engineering education applies to the real world) Demonstrate a digital lighting control system

3. Useful Engineering Stuff Ohm’s Law Fourier Analysis Three Phase √3 Boolean Logic Manchester Coding Inverse Square

4. Ohm’s Law - Wire Sizing What is the load current? E = I R I = E / R I = E / Z (for AC) Z = Impedance of Load P = E I pf I = P / (E pf) Lookup wire gauge in National Electrical Code (NEC) Allowable Ampacity SIZETemperature Rating of Conductor AWG60°C75°C90°C 1420 † 25 † 1225 † 30 † 103035 †40 † 8405055 6 6575 4708595 385100110 295115130 1110130150 1/0125150170 2/0145175195 3/0165200225 4/0195230260 250215255290 300240285320 350260310350 400280335380 500320380430

5. Ohm’s Law - Withstand Rating How much current during a short circuit? I = E / Z Z = Impedance of Source

6. Results of Arc Flash

7. Codes and Standards

8. Software DAPPER EasyPower EDSA ETAP

9. Fourier Analysis Total equals the sum of the parts

10. Graph of Fund. & 3 rd Harm.

11. Graph of Fund, 5 th & 7 th Harm.

12. Voltage Configurations Single phase, two wire Single phase, three wire, center tap Three phase, three wire, delta, ungrounded Three phase, three wire, delta, grounded Three phase, four wire, delta, center tap Three phase, four wire, wye

13. Single Phase – 2 Wire A N 120V 120V-1 ∅ -2W 240V-1 ∅ -2W LOAD

14. Single Phase – 3 Wire A N B 120V 240V 240/120V-1 ∅ -3W 480/240V-1 ∅ -3W LOAD

15. Three Phase – 3 Wire Delta A C B 240V 240V-3 ∅ -3W 480V-3 ∅ -3W 2400V-3 ∅ -3W 4160V-3 ∅ -3W 12470V-3 ∅ -3W LOAD

16. Three Phase – 3 Wire Delta A C B 240V 240V-3 ∅ -3W 480V-3 ∅ -3W LOAD

17. Three Phase – 4 Wire Delta A N C B 240V 120V 240∆/120V-3 ∅ -4W LOAD

18. Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye A N C B 208V 120V 208V 208Y/120V-3 ∅ -4W 480Y/277V-3 ∅ -4W 600Y/347V-3 ∅ -4W LOAD

19. Single Phase – 3 Wire Wye A N C 120V 208V 208Y/120V-3 ∅ -3W LOAD

20. Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye A N C B 208V 120V 208V

21. Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye A N C 120V 208V

22. Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye A N C 120V 208V 120°

23. Three Phase – 4 Wire Wye A N C 120V 208V 60° 30° 90°

24. High School Geometry 30-60-90 triangle –Hypotenuse =1 –Short leg = 1/2 –Long leg = √3/2

25. A N C 120V ?V 60° 30° 90° High School Geometry 30-60-90 triangle –Hypotenuse =1 –Short leg = 1/2 –Long leg = √3/2 120V √3/2 2x120V √3/2 120V √3 208V 120V x 1.73

26. √3 Three phase wye P = I A V AN + I B V BN + I C V CN = 3 I V LN = I 3 V LN = I √3 V LL P = I 3 * 120v = I √3 * 208v P = I 3 * 277v = I √3 * 480v P = I 3 * 7200v = I √3 * 12470v 30-60-90 triangle Hypotenuse to long leg: 1 to ½ √3

27. How to Calculate Power Power = Volts x Amps [DC] Power = Volts x Amps x PF [AC] Power = VA x PF VA = V x A [single phase] VA = √3 x V LL x A [three phase] P = ∫VA/dt

28. Graph of Volts, Amps, Watts

29. Three Phase Power 3 phase = phase A + phase B + phase C VA = V AN x A A + V BN x A B + V CN x A C If V AN =V BN= V CN and A A =A B =A C Then VA = 3 x V LN x A VA = √3 x V LL x A [three phase]

30. How to Calculate Energy Energy = Power X Time WH = W x Hr [for a constant load] WH = ∫Wt/dt [for a time variant load]

31. Boolean Logic And Or Nor Xor Not If, then, otherwise

32. Manchester Coding No DC component Direction of the mid-bit transition Used in Ethernet and DALI

33. E p and Intensity can be related Cosine Inverse Square

34. The angles ( ,  ) are from distances x, y, and z Let the Computer to it

35. AND DON’T FORGET

36. And Don’t Forget Communication Skills Law Politics Economics Environment Continuing Education

37. Communication Skills Verbal Written Graphic

38. Law License - PE Codes Standards Insurance - professional E and O

39. Politics History People Objective Point of View

40. Economics Cost of development Cost to manufacture Life cycle Margin, mark up, profit ROI Payback

41. Environment Pollution – spill containment, air quality, carbon footprint Energy saving = Power reduction X Time reduction

42. Continuing Education Magazines Journals Seminars Webinars Trade Shows Professional Societies

43. DALI Demonstration DALI: Digital Addressable Lighting Interface a digital lighting control system

44. RED YEL BLUE Ballast G N H Requires Rapid Start Lampholders Ground ballast case DA Purple Dimmer Push button 120V Green White Black DALI Dim Power Supply DALI Demonstration

45. 45 Class 1 Wiring Class 1 Wiring DALI Bus DALI Ballast CX Scene Controller Class 2 Wiring DALI Bus DALI Ballast Group Scene Controller 120 V Power Supply Occupancy Sensor Photo Sensor Relay Module DOSI-120-D Class 2 Wiring Purple DALI Demonstration

46. END