1. Chapter 3 Matter

2. Section 3.1 Matter Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Anything occupying space and having mass. Matter exists in three states. Matter

3. Section 3.1 Matter Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved The Three States of Water

4. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved The characteristics of matter that can be changed without changing its composition. Characteristics that are directly observable. Physical Properties

5. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved A substance ’ s ability to form new substances. The characteristics that determine how the composition of matter changes as a result of contact with other matter or the influence of energy. Chemical Properties

6. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Change in the form of a substance, not in its chemical composition. Physical Change

7. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Three States of Water

8. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved A given substance becomes a new substance or substances with different properties and different composition. Chemical Change

9. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Electrolysis of Water

10. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Water decomposes to hydrogen and oxygen gases. Electrolysis of Water

11. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Concept Check How many of the following are examples of a chemical change?  Pulverizing (crushing) rock salt  Burning of wood  Dissolving of sugar in water  Melting a popsicle on a warm summer day

12. Section 3.2 Physical and Chemical Properties and Changes Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 1.Classify each of the following as a physical or chemical property. a.Ethyl alcohol boils at 78 o C b.Sugar ferments to form ethyl alcohol c.Salt is stable at room temperature, it does not decompose d.36 g of salt will dissolve in 100 g of water 2.Classify each of the following as a physical or chemical change. a.Sugar fermenting to form ethyl alcohol b.Dissolving of sugar in water c.Iron metal melting d.Iron combining with oxygen to form rust

13. Section 3.3 Elements and Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical methods. Element

14. Section 3.3 Elements and Compounds Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved A substance composed of a given combination of elements that can be broken down into those elements by chemical methods. Compound

15. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Always have the same composition. Either elements or compounds. Pure Substances

16. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Have variable composition. Can be separated into two or more pure substances: elements and/or compounds. Mixtures

17. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

18. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved A solution. Having visibly indistinguishable parts. Does not vary in composition from one region to another. Homogeneous Mixture

19. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Having visibly distinguishable parts. Contains regions that have different properties from those of other regions. Heterogeneous Mixture

20. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved

21. Section 3.4 Mixtures and Pure Substances Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Concept Check  Classify each of the following as a pure substance (compound or element) or mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous). 1.Pure water 2.Gasoline 3.Jar of jelly beans 4.Soil 5.Copper metal

22. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Mixtures can be separated based on different physical properties of the components. EvaporationVolatility ChromatographyAdherence to a surface Filtration State of matter (solid/liquid/gas) DistillationBoiling point TechniqueDifferent Physical Property

23. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Distillation of a Solution Consisting of Salt Dissolved in Water

24. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved No chemical change occurs when salt water is distilled.

25. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Filtration Separates a liquid from a solid.

26. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved The Organization of Matter

27. Section 3.5 Separation of Mixtures Return to TOC Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved Summary of Topics: Chapter 3 States of matter Chemical and physical properties and changes Classification of matter pure substances (compounds & elements) mixtures (homogeneous & heterogeneous) Separation methods