1. Physicists 1643-1727

2. The Telescope Newton’s first major achievement was the invention, design, and making of a reflecting telescope. It was an advancement in telescope technology because the mirror gave a better image than a larger lens. It focuses different colors at different distances.

3. 1 st Law of Motion With no outside force the ball will never move Newton’s first law of motion: Every object in the same motion tend to stay in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

4. 2 nd Law of Motion The relationship between an object's mass, its acceleration, and the applied force F is F = ma. When the net force acting on an object is zero then it will accelerate with the applied force More force more acceleration

5. 3 rd Law of Motion For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction Reaction force of the book to the apple Force of attraction between the apple and the earth

6. Gravity/Acceleration  The acceleration depends upon the mass of the earth and the distance the other mass is from the center of the earth.

7. Optics In 1664 Newton read work on optics by Robert Boyle and Hooke. He himself discovered white light to be a mixture of different color rays. He concluded that light was made up of streams of minute particles A prism transforms white light into many colors

8. Newton’s Law of Cooling The rate of heat lost of a body is proportional to the differences in temperatures between the body and its surroundings Ex. Heat a thermometer and record the rate the temperature drops

9. Calculus Calculus discovered by Isaac Newton and Wilhelm Leibniz Newton’s ideas based more on limits and reality while Leibniz focused on infinite and the abstract There are debates over who discovered it first Newton’s work was published 1687 Calculus is a branch of math focusing on limits, functions and integrals. Differential calculus and integral calculus

10. Forces A force is something that causes an object to accelerate Net force is the sum of all forces acting on an object. The normal force acts on an object that touches surface  Ex. Normal force affects a ball on a table but not a ball in the air  Fn=-mg Contact Forces- contact between objects Field Forces- no physical contact Force is a Vector

11. Friction Friction is the force that acts between two objects because of action-reaction Static Friction- force of friction between objects when there is no motion Kinetic- force of friction between objects when there is motion