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Science and Discoveries in Europe Základná škola J. Lipského s MŠ Trenčianske Stankovce Slovakia - 2011 Project Comenius
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Štyri prírodné živly- oheň, vzduch,zem, voda Science through the four elements – fire, air, earth and water Oheň Fire
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Čo je sopka? What is a Volcano?
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Najskôr si žiaci preštudovali o sopkách. At first the pupils studied about the volcanoes. láva a sopečný prach z islandskej sopky Eyjafjallajökull lava and volcanic dust from Icelandic Eyjafjallajökull
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Názov vulkán pochádza z mena Vulkán - boh ohňa v rímskej mytológii. The name "volcano" has its origin from the name of Vulcan, a god of fire in Roman mythology.
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Deti zistili veľa faktov o sopkách Children found out a lot of facts about volcanoes it is a hole in the Earth from which molten rock and gas erupt magma is a liquid rock inside a volcano lava is magma that flows out of a volcano (its temperature is 700- 1200°C) there are around 1510 active volcanoes in the world (around 80 are under the oceans)
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Typy sopiek: Types of volcanoes: active (činné) – erruptions are often dormant (spiace) - could errupt one time extinct (vyhasnuté) - it hasn't erupted in a very long, time so it probably won't errupt again
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- na Slovensku nie je žiadna aktívna ani spiaca sopka - posledné sopečné aktivity boli pred 100 000 rokmi - in Slovakia there is not any active or dormant volcano - tha last volcanic activities were 100 000 years ago Poľana – naša vyhasnutá sopka Polana – our extinct volcano Kamenný vodopád – Cerová vrchovina
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často ich sprevádzajú zemetrasenia tsunami záplavy Sopky sú veľmi nebezpečné (Japonsko 2011) Volcanoes are very dangerous (Japan 2011) there are often earthquakes tsunamis floods
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zabíjajú ľudí, zvieratá ničia budovy prach spôsobuje choroby... people and animals are killed buildings are destroyed dust causes illnesses...
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Pred pokusom si žiaci vyrobili rôzne modely sopiek, vo vnútri každej je prázdna fľaša. Pupils made various moels of volcanoes with an empty bottles inside.
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Použili rôzne materiály They used various materials
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a svoju fantáziu. and their fantasy.
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Pokusy so sopkami Experiments with volcanoes Pomôcky: voda ocot prášok do pečiva farbivo We need: water vinegar baking soda food colour
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Postup: naplň fľašu vodou (lepšia je horúca) daj do nej trocha farbiva pridaj sódu bikarbónu (prášok do pečiva) Instructions: fill the bottle with water (hot is better) add a bit of red food colour add baking soda
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pomaly nalej do fľaše ocot sleduj výbuch slowly pour the vinegar into the bottle watch the explosion Vysvetlenie explózie Ide o chemickú reakciu medzi sódou a octom, vzniká oxid uhličitý, vo vnútri vznikne tlak, ktorý vytláča bubliny z fľaše – podobne ako v reálnej sopke. Explanation of explosion It is a chemical reaction between the baking soda and vinegar, carbon dioxide is produced, pressure builds up inside the bottle until the gas bubbles are pushed out of the volcano - a good representation of what happens in a real volcano.
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Ten istý postup The same experiment 1 2 3 4
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Experiment – video 1
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Experiment – video 2
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Pomôcky: cukríky Mentos coca-cola We need: roll of mint Mentos coke Pokus č. 2 Experiment № 2
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Postup: vysyp mentosky do koly sleduj výbuch Instructions: drop all the Mentos into the bottle of coke watch the explosion
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Pokus č.3 (Sopka pod vodou) Experiment № 3 (Volcano under the water) Pomôcky: väčší pohár so studenou vodou malý pohár s horúcou zafarbenou vodou We need: a bigger jar with cold water a small jar with hot coloured water
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Postup: pomaly ponor pohár s horúcou vodou do studenej vody sleduj reakciu (teplá voda stúpa hore, lebo je ľahšia ako studená) Instructions: slowly put a jar with hot water into cold water watch the reaction (warm water rises up because it is lighter than cold water )
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Pokus č.4 Experiment № 4 Pomôcky: plastová fľaša s octom balón, v ktorom je prášok do pečiva We need: a plastic bottle with vinegar a balloon with baking soda
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Postup: -zatvor fľašu balónom -vysyp sódu z balóna do fľaše s octom -sleduj reakciu (oxid uhličitý stúpa hore a nafúkne balón) Instructions: -close the bottle with a balloon -put soda from the balloon into the bottle with vinegar -watch the reaction (carbon dioxide pushes up into the balloon)
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Podobný pokus: stúpajúci oxid uhličitý prechádza cez slamku do pohára, kde vytvára bubliny Similar experiment: carbon dioxide passes through a straw into coloured water in the glass where it makes the bubbles
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Tento projekt bol zrealizovaný vďaka finančnej podpore Európskej komisie.
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