1. Portable High Efficiency Air Filtration (PHEAF) Device Field Testing and Validation Standard ANSI/IESO Standard 4310-2009

2. WHERE ARE HEPA FILTERS USED? Whenever we need to move contaminated air - without the contamination coming along for the ride

3. AFDs & HEPA Vacuums

5. HEPA filters are designed to be 99.97 efficient at 0.3 micron size particles But what happens to that efficiency when you place that filter into a portable filtration device?

6. They are no longer HEPA efficient ! 1. They leak at the edges 2. They leak at the seals 3. They loose their seal during movement 4. They get micro holes 5. They grow stuff

7. RESEARCH SHOWING ACTUAL PARTICLE LEAKAGE

8. PHEAF DEVICE SHOWING NO LEAKAGE

9. PHEAF DEVICE SHOWING A LITTLE LEAKAGE

10. PHEAF DEVICE SHOWING SOME LEAKAGE

11. PHEAF DEVICE SHOWING WORRISOME LEAKAGE

12. That was almost 20 years ago. The first call for a “ in field ” testing and certification standard for portable HEPA filtered devices appeared in an article in Outlook magazine in 1990.

13. HISTORY Since 1990, the cost and portability of the particle counting equipment required for “in field” testing and certification has significantly decreased. This equipment is now within the price range for large contractors or for consultants to test equipment as part of their oversight of an abatement or remediation project.

14. HAND-HELD PARTICLE COUNTERS LIGHTHOUSE KANOMAX MET ONEFLUKE IQAir

15. HOW CRITICAL IS PHEAF DEVICE TESTING? Only the HEPA filters are “certified” Testing is done by a 3rd party PHEAF device manufacturers do not test or certify the complete device There is no standard that requires testing or certification of the complete device WHY SHOULD WE TEST THEM ?

16. CURRENT DOE EXPERIENCE Replacement HEPA filter testing prior to installation into the HEPA device by the Dept. of Energy showed a 20% failure rate of the filters alone 1 IN 5 NEW FILTERS WAS NOT HEPA EFFICIENT !

17. ACTUAL TESTING EXPERIENCE 1.HEPA filtered equipment contamination of a mold remediation 2. HEPA filtered equipment leaked on an asbestos abatement 3. Testing of numerous pieces of contractor equipment showed significant leakage (shown in std. appendix)

18. SECONDARY ISSUE Inability to adequately clean a PHEAF device when installing a new HEPA filter (The Kick Test)

19. DOE performs in field certification of all HEPA filtered devices because of their experience of significant failure rates and leakage problems every time the equipment is moved (USING AEROSOL GENERATION)

20. Portable High Efficiency Air Filtration (PHEAF) Device Field Testing and Certification Interim Standard ANSI/IESO Standard 4310-2009

21. This standard applies to Portable High Efficiency Air Filtration Devices. (PHEAF Devices) This would include vertical and horizontal portable air filter devices, movable vacuums, hand held vacuums, and other filtered suction devices used for cleaning surfaces for the purposes of removing dust, dirt, mold, asbestos, lead and other undesired particulate environmental contaminants. 2. Scope

22. What standard exist related to testing and certification of HEPA devices?

23. 1. ASTM F1471 - 09 Standard Test Method for Air Cleaning Performance of a High-Efficiency Particulate Air- Filter System. 2. ASHRAE Standard 52.2-2007 : Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size 3. DOE-STD-3020-97 : Dept. of Energy, Specification for HEPA filters used by DOE Contractors 4. EN 1822-1:1998 : High efficiency air filters (HEPA and ULPA). Classification, performance testing, marking. 5. JIS Z 8909-1 Test method of filter media for dust collection. 3. Filter Testing and Certification Standards

24. What standard should PHEAF devices be tested to?

25. ASHRAE 52.2 - Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices for Removal Efficiency by Particle Size THIS IS THE STANDARD THAT ESTABLISHES MERV RATINGS FOR AIR FILTERS

26. MERV RATINGS Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (range from 1-16 and are measured in microns)

27. The PHEAF Device Standard uses these ASHRAE MERV efficiencies to establish the in field testing and validation criteria

28. Class 5 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates as a fully effective and functional air filter, meeting all the filter efficiency requirements of a HEPA filter. (MERV 17) This class of PHEAF device shall be required for all work in hospitals, in other environments where the PHEAF device discharges into the general air space of the building (and for vacuums used outside containment for contaminants such as mercury?) 4. Terminology

29. Class 4 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates at a level equivalent to a 99% efficient filter. This class of PHEAF device shall be required for all work in commercial buildings or in other environments where the unit discharges into the air space of the building (and for vacuums used outside containment for contaminants such as mold and asbestos?)

30. Class 3 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates at a level equivalent to a MERV 16 filter. (Approx 95% efficient) This class of PHEAF device can be used for environmental contaminant filtering and/or air scrubbing within a containment, provided the containment is under negative pressure and discharges to the outside air.

31. Class 2 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates at a level equivalent to a MERV 15 filter. (Approx 90% efficient) This class of PHEAF device shall be the minimum class that is required for portable vacuums that can be used to clean up small, uncontained mold or asbestos releases.

32. Class 1 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates at a level equivalent to a MERV 14 filter. This class of PHEAF device can be used for environmental filtering / air scrubbing, within a containment, provided the containment is under negative pressure and discharges to the outside air.

33. Class 0 device - A portable high efficiency air filtration device that operates at a level equivalent to a MERV 13 filter. This class of PHEAF device can be used to provide general exhaust or negative pressure within a contained area when it discharges to the outside air. This class of portable hand vacuums can discharge into a contained area that is under negative pressure and from which the air is exhausted to outside of the building.

34. Classification Class 5 Class 4 Class 3 Class 2 Class 1 Class 0 MERV * 17 NA 161514 13 Particle size MINIMUM MEASURED PERCENT FILTER EFFICIENCY (in microns) 0.399.979995857575 0.5 99.97 9995908075 0.7 99.979995908575 1.0 99.979995909080 2.0 99.979995909085 3.0 99.979995909090 5.0 99.979999909090 10.0 99.979999909090 Table # 1 : Device Classification by Percent Reduction of Incoming versus Discharge Particle Counts by Particle Size *This table is based on ratings interpolated from ASHRAE 52.2 -2007 MERV for air filters.

35. GRAPH 1.

36. The percent efficiency for each particle size range for the unit shall be compared to the percent removal efficiencies in Table 1 or Graph 1 and recorded on the form in Appendix A. A data point that falls between two classes should be rounded down to the lower class. The lowest class recorded for all the size ranges measured will be the designated efficiency class for the unit. I. Reporting and Determining Efficiency Class

37. Test measurement data shall be recorded on the form in Appendix A. The percent particle count reduction (percent efficiency) for each particle size range shall be calculated using the equation below and also recorded on this form. Discharge particle concentration 1 - __________________________ x 100 = % reduction in particle Incoming particle concentration size concentration H. Calculation and Interpreting of Results

38. APPENDIX A PHEAF Device Testing Data Collection Form Device Data Device Description ___________________________ Mfgr _____________________ Unit ID # __________________ Owner ____________________________________ Other Info _____________________________________________________________ Test Event Data Date _____________________ Test Administrator ___________________________ Location of Test ________________________ Temperature _______ RH _______ Particle Counter Model # ___________ Particle Counter Mfgr. __________________ Date of Calibration ____________________ Method __________________________ Background Airborne Particle Data Size range Test 1Test 2Test 3Average (Bave) (in microns) (B1)(B2)(B3)(B1 + B2 + B3 / 3) 0.3____________________________________________ 0.5____________________________________________ 1.0____________________________________________ 2.0____________________________________________ 5.0____________________________________________ 10.0____________________________________________

39. Test Results at Exhaust of Unit Size range Test 1Test 2Test 3Average (Tave) (in microns) (T1)(T2)(T3)(T1 + T2 + T3 / 3) 0.3____________________________________________ 0.5____________________________________________ 1.0____________________________________________ 2.0____________________________________________ 5.0____________________________________________ 10.0____________________________________________ Unit Evaluation Size range BackgroundUnit TestEfficiencyMaximum (in microns)Ave. (Bave) Ave. (Tave)1-(Tave/Bavex100) Class Rating* 0.3____________________________________________ 0.5____________________________________________ 1.0____________________________________________ 2.0____________________________________________ 5.0____________________________________________ 10.0____________________________________________ * See Table 1 or Graph 1 for Minimum Particle Efficiencies for Different Classes of Portable High Efficiency Air Filtration Devices (Round down to lower class when data is between two classes) Overall Classification of Device (minimum rating above) __________________ Comments ______________________________________________________

40. However, a rating under this method may not be the same as the aerosol method.

41. Standard Challenge Concentration Aerosol Equip. 100 µ g/l 100 mg/m 3 ASHRAE 52.2 16.3 x 10 9 p/ft 3 70 mg/m 3 ASTM F1471 7.0 x 10 9 p/ft 3 30 mg/m 3 EU 1822 3.52 x 10 7 p/ft 3 0.15 mg/m 3 STANDARDS FOR TESTING HEPA FILTERS

42. Standard Acceptable Leakage (1- 99.97%= 0.03%) Aerosol Equip. 0.03 µ g/m 3 ASHRAE 52.2 4.89 x 10 5 p/ft 3 0.021 µ g/m 3 ASTM F1471 2.1 x 10 5 p/ft 3 0.009 µ g/m 3 EU 1822 1.05 x 10 3 p/ft 3 0.00045 µ g/m 3 STANDARDS FOR TESTING HEPA FILTERS

43. Consultants in Northern California in the San Francisco Bay area have been specifying mandatory testing of PHEAF devices (using aerosol generation) on asbestos abatement projects for the past 3 years.

44. TYPICAL TESTING RESULTS

54. a leak in the seal against the filter housing (bead of silicone caulk can often fix it) physically-damaged HEPA filter - small hole (dab of silicone caulk can fill it) degraded HEPA filter (oil mist suspect) (may have to replace the HEPA filter) there may be a design flaw in the equipment IF YOUR EQUIPMENT FAILS

55. QUESTIONS ? And Hands-On Exercise