1. Alarmline Linear Heat Detection

2. Linear Heat Detection Temperature Related Risk Protection
Data supplied by fire insurance companies indicates that most industrial fires are caused by
- Friction heat & sparks
- Overheating of equipment
- Spontaneous combustion
- Oil & oil fired equipment.

3. What is Linear Heat Detection?
Continuous heat detector in the form of a cable
- Alarmline Analogue: averaging heat detector
- Alarmline Digital: fixed temperature heat detector

4. What is Linear Heat Detection?
Cable-type Sensor
“Point of Risk” Detection Method
Detects Heat From Fire
Last stage of fire
Typically used where smoke, flame or other detectors are not an option

5. Stages of Fire

6. Analogue LHD Cable Definition:
- Multi-conductor cable containing insulators whose resistance varies proportionately to changes in temperature
- Re-settable provided temperature does not exceed burn-off point of PVC coating
- Alarm level adjusted via controller.
- Allows testing without damaging cable

7. Alarmline Analogue LHD Cables
High resistance - standard applications
Nylon extruded - chemical resistance
Bronze braided - increased mechanical protection over standard high resistance cable
Stainless Steel braided over nylon extruded cable - offshore applications.

8. AlarmLine Construction
4 conductor 0-46 mm dia copper cable
Two conductors for heat sensing
Two enameled conductors for continuity
Twisted at 30 turns per foot to cancel potentially high voltage inductance

9. How Does AlarmLine Work?
Sensor cable has negative temperature coefficient insulation
Temperature increase exponentially lowers cable resistance
PROTECTIVE INSULATION
HIGH TEMPERATURE PVC
SENSOR CONDUCTOR
WIRE
NEGATIVE TEMPERATURE
COEFFICIENT (NTC)

10. Alarmline LHD 4 Controller

11. Alarmline LHD 4 Controller
- Alarm level adjusted via moveable link
- Open circuit and closed circuit fault monitoring
- Fire and fault output to conventional fire alarm panels
- Volt-free relay option for analogue addressable fire alarm panels
- Eurocard 19” rack option.
- Allows quick system adjustments without cable or hardware change.

12. Alarmline Nomogram - Mark the Max Temperature
- Select the sensor cable length being used (D)100m
- Mark the Max Temperature
where an alarm must not be
given (B) 45 degrees
- Draw a line from point on “D” through point on “B” to the switch setting line (A). This is the switch setting that will not give a false alarm at the Max ambient temperature.

13. Alarmline Nomogram
-In the event of a hot spot occuring, it can be shown how hot this would need to be to give an alarm for a given length
- 10 metre length = 83 degrees
- 1 metre length =120 degrees.

14. Intrinsic Safety Barriers
For Class 1, Div 1, Groups A, B, C, D classified areas
Each IS Barrier handles two conductors
Use two IS Barriers per sensor cable
Use enclosure to insure grounding

15. Intrinsic Safety Barriers
IS Barrier
Junction Box
Interface Module
Safe area
Hazardous area
Reference: AlarmLine Manual

16. Typical Intelligent ApplicationAI AO
CPD
PSD
Addressable RxTx Loop
~1000 Metres
26 Ohm, 0.25uF
Up to 255
devices AO AO AO
LHD
LHD
LHD
AlarmLine Sensor
24v PSU
24ov

17. Typical Conventional Application
Standard 2
core cable
Kidde
Control
Panel
Junction
Box
Hazard
2 Wire
Interface
Module
AlarmLine Sensor
Standard 4
core cable
Max (1,000 m)

18. Alarmline LHD - Advantages
Flexibility
- Mechanically
- Electrically
Durability
- Wide range of casings / braiding within both analogue and digital cables.
- Operating range -65º to +200º C
- Unaffected by operating environment.

19. Digital LHD Cable Definition:
- A cable which contains an insulator which melts at a specific temperature
- Switch output provided once alarm temperature is reached
- Not re-settable.

20. Alarmline Digital LHD Cables
Polythene braid 70º C (158º F )
Nylon over sheath 70º C (158º F )
Polythene braid 90º C (194º F )
Nylon over sheath 90º C (194º F)
PVC 105º C (221º F )
PVC 174º C (346º F )
Fluoropolymer 227º C (440º F )
Internal
Internal / External
Internal / External Protected

21. LHS Digital Cable Construction

22. Alarmline Digital Control Units
Firebeta conventional panel with optional extinguishant release module
Any other conventional fire alarm panel and/or extinguishant release module (retrofit).
Any analogue addressable control system

23. Addressable vs. Hard-Wired
ZONE A
ZONE B
ZONE C
LHS
To Conventional Panel
To Additional Zones MP MP MP
Hard-Wired System

24. Addressable vs. Hard-Wired
ZONE A
ZONE B
ZONE C AI
LHS
RxTx
To Vega System MP MP MP
To Additional Zones
Line
Addressable System

25. Analogue & Digital Comparison

26. International Approvals
Alarmline (Analogue)
Alarmline (Digital)
UK power generation
P 11
- EPA 022/215
Factory Mutual
- OB 9A2.AY
- OR 5A4.AY
Chinese Fire Officers
- MAAL 96652
Chinese Power Generation
- NSTCFEPQ (Appr) 92005
German VdS (1995)
UK power Generation
- EPA
- EPA 206/220
- OD 6A9.AY

27. Alarmline - The Competition
Digital systems
- Protectowire (USA)
Analogue systems
- Patol Firesense (UK)
Fibre optic systems (UK)
- York Sensors
- Siemens.