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Published byBenedict Nicholas Richard Modified over 9 years ago
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Christine G. Balmes Melissa Ann D. Callejo Mercy Carmela U. Dañez BLIS-III
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It shall be define as a process to reach goals that cannot be achieved by one single agent. It includes the following components: Jointly developing and agreeing on a set of common goals and directions Sharing responsibility for obtaining those goals Working together to achieve those goals, using the expertise and resources of each collaborator.
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Collaboration occurs when two or more people work together to achieve a common Goal Result Work product Greater than individuals working alone Involves more than coordination and communication alone
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Collaboration: occurs when 2 or more people work together to achieve a common goal, result or work project Collaboration requires feedback and iteration
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Proceed in a series of steps (iterations) by continuously reviewing and revising each other’s work Learn from each other rather than working in isolation Change the way they work and what they produce Ultimately produce a product that’s greater (and better) than an individual could accomplish working alone
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members review each others work and makes revisions.
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series of members providing feedback, then making revisions, then repeating this process over & over again until the project is complete
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NetworkingCoordinatingCooperating Collaborating Integrating Collaboration Continuum
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To support collaboration, Information systems need to be able to provide a mechanism for; Communication Content management Workflow control
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How well can group members communicate with each other, providing and receiving critical feedback? The success of the collaboration group depends on the availability of effective communication systems that allow them to share their skills and abilities.
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Synchronous communication Team members meet at the same time, but not necessarily at the same geographic location. It may include conference calls, face-to-face- meetings, or online meetings. Asynchronous communication Team members do not meet at the same time or in the same geographic location. It may include discussion forums or email exchanges.
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Conference calls – can be difficult to arrange the right time Multiparty text chat – easier to arrange if everyone has mobile texting Videoconferencing – requires everyone to have the proper equipment Email – most familiar but has serious drawbacks in content management Discussion forums – content is more organized than email Team surveys – easy to manage but don’t provide very much interactive discussion
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Users need to manage the content of their work to avoid conflicting with other team members. Team members need a system that will help them track and report changes. An effective system assigns permissions to team members depending on their functionality within the group.
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There are three categories for sharing content. Your choice depends on the degree of control your team needs to complete their tasks
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The following methods of sharing are effective but provide no control over content management. Email attachments are the most primitive but have numerous problems. Someone may not receive the email or ignores it. It’s difficult to manage attachments. A shared file server provides a single storage location for all team members. It uses FTP technology to access files. Problems can occur if multiple team members try using the same file at the same time.
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These methods of content sharing provide version management Wikis Google Docs and Spreadsheets Microsoft Office Groove
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Wikis are shared knowledge bases, repositories of team knowledge, which have or use tracking mechanisms for changes. Most commonly known wiki is wikipedia.com.
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Google Docs and Spreadsheets Access it at http://docs.google.com with a Google account (different from a Gmail account).http://docs.google.com Documents are stored on Google servers making them accessible from anywhere. Team members can track revisions and review change summaries. It’s a free service but you must use Google programs for processing.
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Sample Google Docs & Spreadsheets Document Versions
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Microsoft Office Groove You create a workspace and invite others to join. Document changes are automatically provided to all team members. You can use VoIP rather than separate phone lines for conversations. You can use it asynchronously or synchronously. You can use any computer or server to access workspaces. Each user must purchase a license and install it on each computer (may be exceptions).
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Example Groove Workspace
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Shared content with version control provides more limitations than version management and more control over changes to documents. It uses shared libraries (directories) to store documents. Users are given permissions that limit what they can do with the documents. It requires users to check out documents and check them back in. Microsoft SharePoint is the most popular for business use. It requires a publicly accessible server. It’s difficult to install.
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Example of Document Checkout
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Workflow is a process or procedure to create, edit, use, and dispose of content. It specifies the particular ordering of tasks. It includes processes for handling rejected changes and exceptions. It ensures tasks are completed in an orderly manner.
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Sequential workflow When documents are reviewed by multiple members of a team one after another Parallel workflow When documents are reviewed by multiple members of a team simultaneously SharePoint site Defines workflows and ensures team members perform required tasks
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Hardware Client Computers Server Computers Servers can be maintained within the firm Servers can be maintained external to the firm (Google Docs, Windows Live) Software Google Docs & Spreadsheets Microsoft Groove (now replaced with MS SharePoint Workspace) CMS: Moodle, Joomla, Blackboard…….2 nd Life (? Google Wave……)
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unique dimensions of virtuality include; geographic dispersion, electronic dependence, cultural diversity, and dynamic structure.
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DataProceduresPeople Documents Discussion lists Task lists Wikis & Blogs Using the software Team Collaboration Communication and collaboration skills
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