1. Ancient Greece
Who has the vote?

2. Warm-Up: Mythology Review
1. What role did mythology play in the lives of ancient Greeks? A. B. C.
2. How does ancient Greek mythology continue to impact modern society?

3. Vocabulary
Monarchy- a system of government in which a King or Queen rules
Oligarchy- a system of government in which only a few people have power in the government
Tyrant- a leader who usually holds power through use of force
Democracy- any system of government in which people rule themselves; it comes from the Greek word “demos” and “kratia” = “rule of the people”.
Direct Democracy- a system of government in which citizens vote directly on all decision of the government; it was practiced by Athens
Citizen- a person who owes loyalty to a country and receives the responsibilities and the protections of its government
Pericles- a famous leader of Athens; he helped strengthen democracy in Athens and encouraged people to take pride in their city
City-State- a city and the surrounding countryside; how Greece was politically organized; polis is the Greek word for city

4. Warm-Up – Title (Athenian Democracy) answer these questions
1. What is a citizen?
2. What are the requirements to be a citizen in the U.S.?
3. What type of government does the U.S. have?

5. 2. What are the requirements to be a citizen in the U.S.?
1. What is a citizen?
A person who owes loyalty to a country and receives its protection.
2. What are the requirements to be a citizen in the U.S.?
Born in the U.S. or on U.S. territory.
Born to a parent who is a U.S. citizen.
Apply and complete citizenship process.
3. What type of government does the U.S. have?
Republic or representative democracy.
Citizens elect representatives to speak for them in political matters.

6. Solon – “an injury done to the least of its citizens – is an injury done to them all”.

7. Governments of Greek City-States…
Monarchy
Ruled by a king or queen.
Oligarchy
Ruled by a small group of people.
Tyrant
Ruled by a leader who held power through the use of force.

8. Democracy in Athens
Pericles – Athenian statesman known for his leadership, and supporting Athens after war with the Persian Empire
1. After being ruled by kings, nobles, and tyrants, the Athenian government came under the control of the citizens in 500 B.C.E.

9. Acropolis – hilltop fortress for religion and politics
2. This government, Demokratia (demos – people + kratia – rule), allowed every citizen to have a voice in determining how the Athenian city-state would be run.
Direct Democracy – every citizen directly involved in political decisions.

10. Democracy in Athens
1. All citizens had the right to participate in the assembly that created the city’s laws.
2. Every citizen had the right to speak their opinion.
3. Every citizen had the right to vote after speeches were over.
Usually, fewer than 6,000 citizens attended the meetings, which were held every 10 days.
Because the assembly was so large, Athenians selected Ten officials known as generals who carried out the assembly’s laws and policies.

11. Aeropagus, or “Hill of Ares”, functioned as court of Appeals for criminal and civil cases.
3. Assisting in decision- making, a council of five hundred citizens was selected by lottery each year.
4. Athenians felt lottery was fairer than an election, which might favor the rich, believed in this system.

12. The Boule – meeting place for the Council of 500
4. Regular political meetings were held at which time every citizen was allowed to attend, make speeches, and vote.
The Council proposed laws, dealt with foreign countries, and oversaw the treasury.

13. Athens Becomes More Democratic Under Pericles
Pericles, a general of the Persian Wars, and leading political figure, guided Athens for more than 30 years, from 461 B.C.E., when he was first elected, until 429 B.C.E., shortly before his death.
Pericles made Athens even more democratic.
Encourages the Athenians to take pride in their city.
Participating in government was just as important as defending Athens in war.
Believed people’s talents were far more important than social hierarchy.
Pericles began to pay people who served as public officials, judges, and juries, so they would be more willing to participate in government..

14. C. Female children of citizen - D. Male children of citizen -
Who has the vote? Copy this outline. Predict who will be the most numerous.
A. Slaves -
B. Metics -
C. Female children of citizen -
D. Male children of citizen -
E. Wives of citizens –
F. Citizen

15. SLAVES
No rights and will never be a citizen
Master’s permission to marry or have children
Permission to work for money – rare, but could purchase freedom
Treated according to ownership

16. METICS
Male or female, from another city-state
Rich or poor
Move if you wish
Run your own affairs
NO voice in government and will never become a citizen

17. FEMALE CHILDREN OF CITIZEN
Father can abandon child
NO SCHOOL
Learn “Home Skills” from mother
No rights and will never be a citizen

18. MALE CHILDREN OF CITIZEN
Some education
Wealthy attend for years
Academic and physical classes
YOU WILL BE A CITIZEN!!!

19. CITIZEN’S WIFE
No rights and will never be a citizen
Husbands property
Home activities
No contact with husband’s guests
Escorted outside home for religious festivals and plays

20. CITIZEN Male Father – citizen Mother’s Father – citizen
18 yrs old you will serve two years in military
Debate and vote in assembly
Serve on jury
Eligible to serve on Council of 500 (reviews ideas before presented to the Assembly)
Rich, poor, farmer, craftsman, merchant

21. Ancient Democracy Differs from Modern Democracy
In Athenian Direct Democracy
In U.S. Representative Democracy
1. All citizens met as a group to debate and vote directly on every issue.
2. There was no separation of powers. Citizens created laws, enforced laws, and acted as judges.
3. Only free male citizens could vote. Women, foreigners, and slaves were not citizens and could not vote.
1. Citizens elect representative to debate and vote on issues for them.
2. There is a separation of power. Citizens elect some people to create laws, others enforce laws, and others to be judges.
3. Men and women who are citizens have the right to vote.

22. Debriefing 1. Who was a citizen in ancient Athens?
2. How did Athenian Democracy compare/contrast with American Democracy?

23. Speech 1. Brainstorm and list issues to discuss.
2. Choose one issue from your list to debate & vote on.
3. Prepare a 30 second speech defending your issue.
4. Deliver your speech – “debate”.
5. Vote
Ideas for issues
Students should be required to wear school uniforms.
Children should be allowed to vote at age 14.
Grades should be abolished.
No curfews!!
Think of others!!!

24. Independent Activity
1. Do you think Athenian Direct Democracy was a good or bad thing?
How would you have handled being a non-citizen and having to follow laws/rules that you may not necessarily agree with?
Can you defend your position about being a citizen in Athens?
4. What changes to Athenian Democracy and or Athenian Citizenship would you recommend?
Clear and detailed supporting examples – a minimum of three to five per focus question.
Use a minimum of two paragraphs
Be prepared to share and defend your thoughts.

25. Debriefing
1. Did your opinion change on any statement? Why or Why not? Explain.
2. Did anyone have a good opinion for any of the statements? Why or why not? Explain.
3. Which statement did you most agree with? Why?
4. Which statement did you least agree with? Why?