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CULTURES OF EUROPE THE AGE OF CHIVALRY The Middle Ages c. 5th-15th century
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The Fall of the Roman Empire
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" Dark Ages „ ( Early Middle Ages) a characterization highlighting the relative scarcity of literary and cultural output from this time, especially in Western Europe.
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Christian Crusades
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The Black Death
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The Crucifix/Cross
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Jesus Christ: Son of God and Son of Mary (The Annunciation, The Holy Family)
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The Last Judgement Christus, Petrus, 1452, Berlin – hierarchy Next slide: Hans Memling – a triptych (altarpiece) – The Last Judgement (Gdansk)
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Thomas Celano, 13th c. Latin Hymn: Dies Irae Day of wrath! O day of mourning! See fulfilled the prophets' warning, Heaven and earth in ashes burning! Oh, what fear man's bosom rendeth, when from heaven the Judge descendeth, on whose sentence all dependeth Death is struck, and nature quaking, all creation is awaking, to its Judge an answer making.
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Ják, Hungary: Romanesque church
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Semicircular arches
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Piers
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Openings/Doors and Windows
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Gothic cathedrals - heavenward
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Pointed arches
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Windows
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Ribbed Vaults
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Flying Buttresses
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Monks and monasteries
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Pagan Heroes: Beowulf (England, 6-10th c.)
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Courtly love knights and women
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Jousts, tournaments
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King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table – The Holy Grail
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Arthur (top centre) in an illustration to the Middle English poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, late 14th centuryMiddle EnglishSir Gawain and the Green Knight King Arthur Queen Guinevre Sir Launcelot Merlin, the wizard Sir Gawain Sir Galahad Mordred Morgan Le Fay Welsh, French, English and Latin works
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Medieval pragmatism – the grotesque and humour
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Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, Ellesmere Manuscript (early 15th c.)
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Francois Villon: QUATRAIN THAT VILLON MADE WHEN HE WAS DOOMED TO DIE I'M Francis ill avails it me Born near Pontoise, in Paris see : Whose neck, at the end of a rope of three, Must feel how heavy my buttocks be.
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