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Psych 155b: Human Adjustment & Maladjustment Dr. Kimberley Clow SSC 6421 kclow2@uwo.ca http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychology/155b/
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Read Your Course Outline! Can’t have antirequisites Psych 150, 251E, 253E, 257E, 350F/G Textbook Sue, Sue, & Sue (2003). Understanding Abnormal Behaviour. 7 th Edition TA – Jennie Ward Contact Jennie to go over exams jward9@uwo.ca
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Evaluation 3 exams Test1 and Test2 30% each; Non-Cumulative Final Exam 40%; Cumulative 4 Grading options Test1 30%; Test2 30%; Final 40% No Test1; Test2 30%; Final 70% Test1 30%; no Test2; Final 70% No Test1; no Test2; Final 100% Your grade is calculated in all 4 ways and I take the option that works BEST for you
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Lecture Overheads Lecture overheads are available on the class website BEFORE class Print them out and bring them to class Spend class time TAKING NOTES on the details I talk about that aren’t in the overheads The overheads are not a replacement for coming to class Just using the overheads is not sufficient preparation for exams They are tools to help you take BETTER notes; not a replacement for note taking http://instruct.uwo.ca/psychology/155b/
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Lecture Schedule DateTopicChapter January 5Introduction1 January 12Theoretical Approaches2 January 19Anxiety Disorders5 January 26Mood Disorders11 February 2Test 1 February 9Schizophrenia13 February 16Personality Disorders8 February 23Reading WeekN/A March 1Dissociative Disorders6 March 8Somatoform Disorders6 March 15Test 2 March 22Eating Disorders16 March 29Mental Disorders & Aging15 April 5Law & Ethics18 Exam PeriodFinal Exam
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Abnormal Psychology The scientific study of abnormal behaviour, with the objective to Describe Explain Predict Control So what are abnormal behaviours?
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The Movies…
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Myths of Abnormal Behaviour The following are common myths about those suffering from mental illness: Easily recognized as deviant Disorder due to inheritance Incurable Weak willed Never contribute to society Always dangerous
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What is Abnormal Behaviour? Abnormal behaviour departs from some norm and harms the affected individual or others Conceptual Definitions Practical Definitions Surgeon General & DSM-IV Definitions
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Conceptual Definitions Statistical Deviation Deviations from Ideal Mental Health Multicultural Perspectives Cultural Universality Cultural Relativism
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Practical Definitions The 4 ‘D’s Discomfort Deviance Dysfunction Danger
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Surgeon General & DSM-IV “A clinically significant behavioural or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with present distress (e.g., a painful symptom) or disability (i.e., impairment in one or more important areas of functioning) or with a significantly increased risk of suffering death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom”
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History Ancient Beliefs Demonology Exorcism Trephining Naturalistic Explanations Hippocrates Four Humours Return to the Supernatural Mass Madness Tarantism Witchcraft
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Reforms Humanism People are sick; not possessed Need to be treated with dignity Reform Movements Moral Treatment Shift from prison to hospital Biological View Organic explanation for abnormal behaviour Drug revolution
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Frequency of Mental Disorders
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Psychology Student Syndrome Many psych students find that the various disorders apply to them Abnormal behaviour is not qualitatively different from “normal” behaviour Many of us will exhibit similar symptoms Behaviours are only problematic when they harm or interfere with your daily functioning Diagnosing friends and romantic partners may lead to conflict
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Mental Health Professions Who studies abnormal behaviour? Clinical Psychologist Ph.D. and internship Psychiatrist M.D. and internship School Psychologist M.A. or Ph.D. Social Worker M.S.W.
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Who Do People Go See?
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Diversity & Multiculturalism Social Conditioning e.g., gender stereotypes Cultural Values Interpret complaints with culture in mind Sociopolitical Influences Different experiences affect what is abnormal Bias in diagnosis
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Diagnosing Abnormal Behaviour Multiaxial approach I. Clinical disorders II. Personality disorders III. General medical conditions IV. Psychosocial & environmental problems V. Level of current functioning
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An Example of Classification Mark Axis I: Clinical Disorder Alcohol Abuse Axis II: Personality Disorder Paranoid Axis III: General Medical Condition Cirrhosis Axis IV: Psychosocial & Environmental Problems Problems with primary support group (divorce) Occupational problems Axis V: Level of Current Functioning 54 (moderate difficulty in social & occupation functioning)
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Interrater Reliability
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Issues of Classification Helps To making treatment decisions To communicate among clinicians Research advancing knowledge of disorders diagnosis as a first step to understanding mechanisms and developing treatments Hinders By stigmatizing patients Because different labels can mean different things to different people By biasing how we see the patient By focusing on one point in the patient’s development Patient may outgrow the label
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Assessment Observation Self-Report Inventories Biological Measures Psychophysiological Measures Neuroimaging Techniques Projective Tests Rorschach Ink Blots Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
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Rorschach Ink Blots
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Scoring Look at the following factors Location Determinants Popularity of response Content Form Generate hypotheses based on patterns of responses, recurrent themes, and interrelationships among scoring categories
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Thematic Apperception Test - TAT
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Interpretation Murray’s concepts Need Press Thema Basic Assumptions Person is identifying with the protagonist in the story They are projecting their personality onto the protagonist
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