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Published byBasil Barrett Modified over 9 years ago
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11/08/2015 1
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Individualisation-Standardisation 11/08/2015 2
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Measure Compare Monitor Gatekeep Maintain standards Motivate Give feedback Make people employable 11/08/2015 3
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Focus on the individual Knowledge is socially constructed Difference Learning style Not only writing Flexible formats Stress Awareness of SEM (Standard Error of Measurement) Validity is driving force 11/08/2015 4
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Focus on the group Knowledge is ‘given’ and objective Everyone treated equally Candidates expected to adapt Format reflects ‘standards’ Stress is common to all individuals and can be overcome or ‘cured’ (medical model) Driving force = reliability/objectivity 11/08/2015 5
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Statistics Score NValid 200.000 Missing.000 Mean 21.020 Std. Error of Mean.227 Median 21.000 Mode 23.000 Std. Deviation 3.214 Variance 10.331 Skewness -.556 Std. Error of Skewness.172 Kurtosis.707 Std. Error of Kurtosis.342 Range 19.000 Minimum 9.000 Maximum 28.000 Sum 4204.000 Percentiles25 19.000 50 21.000 7523.000 11/08/2015 6
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Reliability and objectivity Psychometric Standardisation Comparison of individual with the group Normal distribution curves No relationship between assessor and assessed 11/08/2015 7
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It might fail children (or students)… Who have special needs who are gifted and talented who have individual learning differences Who have a ‘non-traditional’ learning style who experience social deprivation who are ‘looked after’ and/or within the care system from particular ethnicities 11/08/2015 8
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Test purposes and test outcomes 11/08/2015 9
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Diagnostic Proficiency Placement Achievement Selection Summative Formative High stakes Low stakes 11/08/2015 10
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Raw mark Mark compared to broad standard Mark or grade linked to verbal descriptor Criteria checklist Norm-referencing Criterion-referencing 11/08/2015 11
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A grade or percentage for English A grade or percentage plus a breakdown into different skills areas A grade or percentage, a breakdown into skills and a written report All of the above plus a portfolio of evidence that the student has compiled 11/08/2015 12
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The qualities of good language tests 11/08/2015 13
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Restrict choice Write unambiguous items Provide uniform test conditions Have fewer marking bands Ensure familiarity with format Give clear criteria Provide good training for raters Ensure anonymous marking (Hughes, 1989: 36-43) 11/08/2015 14
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First test (part) : Mean = 34.96St.Dev. = 4.61 Second test (part): Mean = 33.08St.Dev. = 4.88 The t-test for difference gives a value of 6.297 with 195 df The correlation between the two sets of scores is 0.612 Assuming form means are exactly the same over whole population: reliability = 0.552 st. error of measurement = 3.24 Within forms analysis: reliability = 0.611 st. error of measurement = 2.96 Split parts analysis: Cronbach Alpha = 0.767 and Spearman Brown Coefficient = 0.759 11/08/2015 17
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Describe a blizzard that you have experienced. How did you make your way home? Describe the legal system in your country. Discuss your favorite sport and why you enjoy it. Discuss the importance of Christmas in our contemporary society. 11/08/2015 18
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1. Why hasn’t your mother come? Well, she said that she …… leave the baby. a. can’t b. won’t c. couldn’t d. mayn’t 11/08/2015 19
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2. Which word or phrase, a, b, c, or d, means the same as the word underlined. I’ll see you soon. a. next year b. in a few days c. tomorrow d. In a couple of hors 11/08/2015 20
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Ensure good visual presentation of test Test only the skill(s) you plan to test Avoid introducing any unnecessary complexities that don’t matter Avoid testing something else instead, by default. Ignore any mistakes outside the skills area being tested (?) Keep focussed. 11/08/2015 21
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Listen to the radio recording and write a short summary of 150-200 words on the content. Outline the extent to which economic factors have impinged on individual’s abilities to manage their lives effectively. Read the following text and answer the questions which follow. Copy your answers correctly from the text as marks will be deducted for incorrect spelling. 11/08/2015 22
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Language testing philosophy 11/08/2015 23
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