1. B IRDS, B EES, AND B UTTERFLIES

2. http://www.enn.com/wildlife/article/44316

3. B EE Without bees, no pollination No food According to the Department of Agriculture, bees pollinate over $15 billion worth of U.S. crops. http://www.landscapeonline.com/research/article/130 94 http://www.landscapeonline.com/research/article/130 94

4. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) Adult bees fly off to die Causes include parasites, viruses, bacteria, poor nutrition and pesticides

5. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) The viruses compromise bees’ ability to manufacture proteins to fight off pathogens, to detoxify pesticides, etc.

6. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) A U.S. District Judge from Manhattan has banned the sale of spirotetramat after January 15, 2010, a pesticide produced by Bayer CropScience. Citing allegations by environmental groups and commercial beekeepers that the pesticide is toxic and is killing off the nation's honeybee population. According to Cote, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) did not follow proper procedure when approving spirotetramat. The EPA did not take public comment about the pesticide before approving it and the agency failed to publish both the Bayer application and the approval documents in the Federal Register. The EPA and Bayer CropScience have 60 days to appeal the decision.

7. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) Queen and a small number of survivor bees may be present in the brood nest http://maarec.psu.edu/ColonyCollapseDisorder.html

8. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) February 2007, many of the beekeepers reporting heavy losses associated with CCD 50-90% of their colonies Surviving colonies not viable pollinating or honey producing

9. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) No evidence CCD affects honey Impact limited to adult bees

10. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) GMO crops, specifically Bt Corn Genetically Modified Organism Symptoms not consistent with GMO Not a “top” priority at the moment

11. C OLONY C OLLAPSE D ISORDER (CCD) Radiation transmitted by cell towers The distribution of both affected and non-affected CCD does not make this a likely cause Also cell phone service is not available in some areas where affected commercial apiaries are located For this reason, it is currently not a top priority.

12. http://www.scienced aily.com/releases/20 12/01/120112112722.htm

13. http://www.panna.org/blog/banner-week-bee- science-zombie-flies-poisonous-planter-exhaust

14. N ATIVE B EES Most native bees solitary Resistant to CCD Honeybees introduced from Europe in 1622

15. N ATIVE B EES Lay egg in cavity and plug with food

16. N ATIVE B EES Work longer hours Prolific pollinators

17. N ATIVE B EES Sweat Bees Rarely sting Collect pollen on hairs on legs

18. N ATIVE B EES Mariola bee One of few natives that produce honey Stingless

19. N ATIVE B EES Mason Bee

20. N ATIVE B EES Digger Bee

21. N ATIVE B EES Bumblebee

22. N ATIVE B EE H OMES Sunny location Protect from rain At least 3’ off ground

23. N ATIVE B EE H OMES Simple nesting blocks mason bees and leaf-cutting bees Multiple holes drilled into blocks of wood several inches deep vary in diameter, from 2 mm to 7 mm. untreated lumber or dried logs

24. N ATIVE B EE HOMES Hollow tubes Sections of bamboo 12” long Bees will plug the end of the tube with mud

25. N ATIVE B EE H OMES

28. B IRDS Most birds do not eat seeds Insects Cardinals and Finches are seed-eaters

29. B IRDS Black oil sunflower seeds preferred

30. W ATER Drink and bathe Dripping water is attractive Mosquitoes Perching sticks

32. W ATER Change water 2-3 times per week Bird feces Mosquitoes

33. S HELTER Brush pile to hide from predators

34. S HELTER Bird houses species specific

42. B ATS Massive insect consumption

43. B ATS With bats threatened by careless wind-turbine development in major flyways and, more pressingly, by the new and dreadful White Nose Syndrome Some such bats worth $3 billion in agricultural insect control

44. B ATS Some suggest fungus introduced by spelunkers

45. B ATS http://content.usato day.com/communiti es/ondeadline/post/2 012/01/fungus-has- killed-up-to-67m- bats-in-potential- extinction/1

48. B UTTERFLIES Most adult butterflies live 10-20 days Some live no longer than three or four days Monarchs may live six months

49. B UTTERFLIES Puddling Wet, muddy area Minerals and nutrients

50. B UTTERFLIES Basking Body temperatures between 85 and 100F Stones or concrete

51. B UTTERFLIES Hibernation box Fraud

52. B UTTERFLIES Food source Caterpillar plants Fennel (Swallowtail)

53. B UTTERFLIES Food source Nectar plants Lantana (Swallowtail)

54. B UTTERFLIES Food source Nectar plants Pentas (Sulfur)

55. B UTTERFLIES Food source Nectar plants Mexican sunflower (Swallowtail)

56. B UTTERFLIES Food source Nectar plants Butterfly bush (Red admiral)

57. B UTTERFLIES Food source Nectar plants Mexican sunflower (Gulf fritillary)

58. L IZARDS http://srelherp.uga.edu/lizards/index.htm

59. A NOLES American chameleon Not true chameleon

60. B ROWN ANOLE Invasive

61. S KINKS

62. G ECKO Invasive

63. B IRDS http://www.wildbirds.com/Default.aspx?tabid=51 9

64. http://www.nwf.org/Get-Outside/Outdoor- Activities/Garden-for-Wildlife/Gardening- Tips/How-to-Attract-Butterflies-to-Your- Garden.aspx