1. Application + Cow milk versus Sprayfo
January 2014

2. Application

3. Table of content
Colostrum
Sprayfo milk replacer
Feeding systems

4. Colostrum : essential for a good start
Colostrum supply
on first day of life
Number of farms
Mortality
Extra loss per cow per year
3.7 – 4.5 26
6.5 %
€ 0,0
2.3 – 3.6 16
9.9 %
€ 17
0.9 – 1.8 18
15.3 %
€ 44
Source: University of South Carolina - USA

5. Immunity Active immunity Maternal immunity colostrum Infection level
Level of antibodies
Birth
Weaning

6. Antibodies in colostrum
17%
Albumine + Globuline %
18%
16% 9%
14%
12%
10% 3% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0%
Calving hours hours
after calving
(Source Lenkheit)

7. Absorption of antibodies
Animatie aanpassen
0-8 hours after birth
8-24 hours after birth

8. Sprayfo Milk Replacer

9. Digestion track 4-6% PROTEIN DIGESTION FAT DIGESTION ABSORPTION
FERMEN-
TATION

10. 1 2 3 DRY Common Production process FAT 1 : PROTEIN-SOURCES
2 : LACTOSE-SOURCES
3 : FAT-SOURCES
FAT
PROTEIN
20 micron

11. 4-6% Digestion problems COMMON Abomasum PROTEIN Large intestine Small
FERMEN-
TATION
ABSORPTION
FAT
DIGESTION
PROTEIN
Large
intestine
Small
intestine
Oesophagus
Rumen
Oesophageal
groove

12. vegetable oils and fats
Liquid raw materials
Homogenization
Fats
Oils
Dairy-
ingr.
Warm air
Cold air
heater
Moisture
Spray drying
FILTERS
Mixture of milk and
vegetable oils and fats
Spray-dried fat concentrates
Pasteurization

13. Spray-dried milk fat / whey fat core
Encapsulated fat
Protein
&
Lactose

14. Optimal absorption Optimal absorption 4-6% SPRAYFO Abomasum Large
FAT
DIGESTION
PROTEIN
PROTEIN
DIGESTION
Large
intestine
Small
intestine
Oesophagus
Rumen
Oesophageal
groove
FERMEN-
TATION
ABSORPTION
FAT
DIGESTION
PROTEIN

15. Homogenization and spray-drying
Advantages of homogenization and spray-drying of the liquid milk / fat blend
Improved fat digestibility
Milk replacer is stable in solution
Improved visual quality (looks like milk)
Clean mixers, buckets and machines

16. Importance of protein digestibility
Sprayfo Violet
Analyse
Protein ,0%
Fat ,5%
Lactose ,0%
Fibre ,2%
Etc.
Expire date
Producer Sloten B.V.
The Netherlands
Batch
CMR
Analyse
Protein ,0%
Fat ,5%
Lactose ,5%
Fibre ,8%
Etc.
Expire date
Local producer
Protein digestibility 95% Protein digestibility 85%
Crude protein % x 95 % = % Crude protein 21 % x 85 % = 17,9 %
Indigestible % x 5 % = 1,0 % Indigestible % x 15 % = 3,1 %
3 times more indigestible protein in the intestine = RISK on diarrhoea
2,1% less digestible protein = less growth

17. Importance of fat digestibility
Sprayfo Violet
Analyse
Protein ,0%
Fat ,5%
Lactose ,0%
Crude fibre ,2%
Etc.
Expire date
Producer Sloten B.V.
The Netherlands
Batch
CMR
Analyse
Protein ,0%
Fat ,5%
Lactose ,5%
Crude fibre 0,8%
Etc.
Expire date
Local producer
Fat digestibility 95% Fat digestibility 85%
Crude fat ,5 % x 95 % = 15,7 % Crude fat ,5 % x 85 % = 13,0 %
Indigestible 16,5 % x 5 % = 0,8 % Indigestible 16,5 % x 15 % = 2,5 %
3 times more indigestible fat in the intestine = RISK on diarrhoea
1,7 % less digestible fat / less digestible energy = less growth

18. Sprayfo Safety Package = health
SLOTEN Acid Mix
For a healthy abomasum.
Villi Vital & Probiotic
For healthy small intestines.
Micro Encapsulated Fat
For a better growth with less risk.
Prebiotic
For a more stable flora in the large intestines.
Immuno Active+
For a higher level of natural resistance.

19. Sprayfo products for optimal calf rearing
Optimal inclusion of health-supporting additives
Stable in solution
Clean buckets
Good taste
Safe calf rearing
Optimal rumen development
High growth, low mortality

20. Well dosing, mixing and providing

21. Controlled feeding by bucket
Controlled feeding: milk supplied twice a day
Advantages
Small groups (max 6 calves / group)
Good monitoring
Simple system
Low investment
Disadvantages
Cleaning equipment (buckets, mixing equipment)
More labour
Mixing ratio less consistent
Different drinking temperatures

22. Controlled feeding by automatic feeder
Automatic Calf Feeding System: milk supplied ad lib.
Advantages
Less work = time saving
Calf itself can determine when it wants to drink
Constant drinking temperature and mixing ratio
More feedings per day
Individual feeding monitored
Disadvantages
Expensive??
Teaching calves how to drink
Less personal control over calves
Still single boxes for first 2 weeks

23. Water supply is important
Water requirement: 10 – 15% of body weight
3.1 – 3.5 L/ kg dry feed (roughage/ concentrate)
Direct available after colostrum period
1st week: limited
2 L of lukewarm water
After 1st week, ad-lib
Bowl or trough with floater

24. Start with concentrate and roughage
From second week
Special calf concentrate (starter) or
Grain / muesli mixtures
Protein content around 19% (not too fancy)
From week 2-3
Roughage
Alfalfa hay
Coarse hay
Chopped straw
Artificially dried alfalfa
Rich in dietary fiber - structure
Tasty and daily fresh

25. Optimal growth in 1st month
Maximum growth initiated by early nutrition
Best development of body tissues like udder parenchyma, skeleton, …
Best development of body systems like immune & digestive system
Gives higher farm profit
Less disease and youth mortality
More milk per cow
Full expression of genetic potential

26. The future of milk production is born every day

27. Cow’s milk

28. Milk = income for dairy farmer
Cow’s milk is produced for delivery to milk processing industry
Sales of cow’s milk = basic income for dairy farm
Cow’s milk of first 2-3 days after calving is undeliverable
Milk of cows treated with antibiotics is undeliverable
Undeliverable milk = rest milk
Farmers prefer not to dump rest milk
Feeding cow’s milk to calves seems easy and cheap

29. Feeding cow’s milk to calves
Cow’s milk tastes good, is well-accepted by calves  high intake of cow’s milk slows down intake of concentrates
Cow’s milk is easy to supply  correct execution means more manual work
Calves on cow milk’s look good  on the face of it – because of shine (high fat) and filling (rennet)
Dumping rest milk is a financial loss  is correct, but can be approached differently: Better management of rest milk (later)

30. Disadvantages of cow’s milk
Cow’s milk may contain harmful pathogens  Transmission of Para-tbc on other threats
Penicillin milk contains antibiotics
 Create resistance of dairy cows against penicillin
Cow’s milk is too fat  slows down rumen development, insufficient growth after weaning
Cow’s milk is low in vitamins and trace elements  More anemia and weaker bone structure

31. Cow’s milk is variable, esp. mastitus milk
Norm
Variation
Function
Dry matter %
12,5
+ or - 20%
Protein % in DM 26
+ or - 15%
Growth
Fat % in DM 32
+ or - 25%
Energy
Lactose % in DM 34
Variable nutrients  variable growth  more diarrhoea
Source: Sloten 2010

32. Cow’s milk is low in essential elements

33. Calves on Sprayfo grow better!
Source: Schothorst Feed Research; Lelystad NL 2012

34. Cow milk  Less concentrate intake  Bad rumen development
Milk only
Milk and hay
Milk and grain
Conclusions:
Grain (solid feed) is directly responsible for rumen wall development.
Hay increases rumen capacity but has a little impact on rumen wall development.
Source: Penn state university

35. Calves on cow’s milk get anemia
182 bull calves to trial farm Sloten in 2009
Age at arrival: over 2 weeks
At arrival all calves tested on Hb value (standard)
Bull calves most fed with cow’s milk
Minimum – reference Hb value is 10.5 mg / 100 ml
Average Hb value is 8.8  TOO LOW !
20% meets standard > 10.5
46% too low 8 – 10.5
34% critically low < 8

36. Sprayfo is made for calf rearing
Feed calves with:
Cow’s milk
Sprayfo
Prevents transmission of diseases No
Yes
Stimulates intake of concentrates
Low
High
Level of vitamins & trace elements
Too low
Perfect!
Nutrient composition
Variable
Very constant
Effect on farm profit
(with feeding rearing calves)
Moderate
Good

37. Sprayfo for better calf rearing
More safe
constant composition, less chance of diarrhoea
with Safety Packege and/or specific antibodies
Healthier
added iron and vitamins
composition enhances intake concentrates
less transmission of diseases (such as Para-tbc)
Simpler
to feed calves irrespective of milking time
especially in the case of automatic feeding
less diarrhoea problems
 AND a higher profit per dairy cow!

38. The future of milk production is born every day