1. Nanoparticles and their medical applications
By:
Maryam Liaqat
Jason Feng
Eric Ma

2. Outline Nanomedicine – what is it? Nanoparticle Applications:
Drug Delivery - Maryam
Detection - Eric
Imaging - Jason
Nanotechnology Concerns

3. Nanomedicine Nanotechnology applied medically
New breakthroughs in medicine
Advanced biomedical research tools
Labels to experiments
Study of DNA and its component genes
Diagnostic tests
In bone implants etc…

4. Drug Delivery Methods Systems that deliver drugs to specific sites
Sample Methods:
Smart Drugs
Nanocomposite hydrogel systems
Magnetic Nanoparticles

5. Drug Delivery Smart drugs Attack specific antigens
Immunotoxins that are protein in nature
Consist of an antibody part and toxic part

6. Drug Delivery Nanocomposite hydrogel systems
Thermo therapeutic process
Releases drugs that are encapsulated on heating
Gold nanoshells/nanoparticles can be used
Ideal wavelengths of light are infra red i.e nm

7. Drug Delivery Magnetic Nanoparticles
Drugs are bound to magnetic nanoparticles
Carry drugs to malignant sites with magnetic fields
Release the drugs by enzymatic activity

8. Disease Detection Cancer/Virus Detection Gene Detection
Carbon Nanotubes
Gold nanoparticles & Nanodots
Nanowires
Gene Detection
Silicon nanowires
Picture taken from

9. Cancer/Virus Detection
Carbon Nanotubes:
Covered with monoclonal antibodies
Antibodies for growth factor receptor commonly found in cancer cells
Current increases measured
Silicon Nanowires
Similar in use to nanotubes
Antibodies attached to wire
Current changes measured
Can be applied to cancer cells and viruses
Taken from
2004/10.07/01-nanovirus.html

10. Cancer/Virus Detection
Gold Nanoparticles & Nanodots
Similar application
Antibodies attached to nanoparticles
Nanoparticle antibodies bind to cancer cells
Colors reflected when light hits particles
Shapes and sizes affect color
Taken from
/release.php?id=561

11. Gene Detection Silicon nanowire: Can detect specific genes
Nucleic acids attached to nanowires
Specific sequences can be created
Sensor capable of differentiating mutated and nonmutated genes
PCR not needed -> detection time lowered

12. Imaging Techniques Conventional Techniques: Limitations
X-ray, MRI, Fluoroscopy
CAT scan
Limitations
Limited detail
Difficult to track movement
Taken from:
/images/lung_cancer_xray.jpg

13. Imaging Applications Molecular Tracking: Use Quantum Dots as labels
Dots attached to molecules before injection
Fluoroscopy used to track movement
Colors from dots seen and imaged

14. Imaging Applications Tracking blood flow: Cancer Imaging:
Tag proteins of cells with gold nanoparticles
View process of angiogenesis
Important for cancer detection and imaging
Cancer Imaging:
Injection of gold nanoparticles
Localization around tumors
CT scan shows cancerous regions
Taken from
Publications/rsnanews/oct05/nanoparticles.cfm

15. Possible Concerns Negative biological side-effects:
Toxicity of quantum nanodots
Effects on living organisms not well known
Gold nanoparticles safer:
Biologically inert
Won’t interact with other chemicals