1. RESEARCH AT SFU LIBRARY Yolanda S Koscielski Psychology & Criminology Librarian January 16, 2015 ysk6@sfu.ca RESEARCH AT SFU LIBRARY Yolanda S Koscielski Psychology & Criminology Librarian January 16, 2015 ysk6@sfu.ca Slide show is linked from the Library’s Psychology Research Guide

2. Learn about: 1.Resources (you might not know about) 2.The building blocks of literature reviews Pre-Quiz OBJECTIVES

3. Search multiple databases Use non-database search methods Design highly-sensitive searches Search non-article info types Systematically avoid bias in your searches Document your search strategy (replicability) Manage your citations in citation management software Literature Reviews – Core Parts

4. RESOURCES Comprehensive literature reviews always include searching more than one source/database Most include searching a range of information types Journal articles Research syntheses Conference papers Policy papers Technical reports Books Reviews Dissertations Grey literature Statistical sources Non-English content, International content Efforts to avoid searching biases reflected in articulated inclusion and exclusion criteria

5. What are your favourite search tools? List your top three research resources THE LIBRARY WEBSITE AND CATALOGUE

6. SFU Library’s matryoshka dolls aussiegall. (2006). Russian dolls. Retrieved from http://www.flickr.com/photos/aussiegall/288377539/ Library Search Catalogue Fast Search

7. CATALOGUE Does NOT index journal articles individually When doing a keyword search, search terms are highlighted in the library record Check out subject headings at the bottom of the record for related material

8. SFU’S “GOOGLE” – FAST SEARCH 8 Books eBooks Journal Articles Newspaper Articles Images Videos/DVDs Music Maps SFU theses/dissertations Government documents Sound recordings (CBC Ideas) All catalogue content, PLUS journal articles + newspaper articles – *many*

9. F AST S EARCH Is really great, but… Subject terms not useful for literature review Missing some content; coverage is maybe 95% of SFU Library’s journal content Not mapped to a specific subject, with associated search limiters and features (controlled vocabularies, populations, etc.) Lots of citation “noise” New features: Multiple facets can be selected Abstract preview pane

10. L IBRARY S EARCH 10 Criminology 220 All catalogue content, PLUS Fast Search Content, PLUS the library’s website, Summit, Best Bets, external pages. Library Search

11. G OOGLE ! Discussions around Google Scholar vs subject databases focus more on values and ideals: The validity of the peer-review process to assess good science The influence of for-profit publishing on scientific innovation The onus of responsibility for vetting information Bottom line: recommendation to use both

12. SOME GOOGLE STRENGTHS 1.Casting a wider net 2.Reveals the most popular articles 3.High volume of articles retrieved (1 to 1.6 million records searched as of Nov 2014) 4.Google’s algorithm compensates for search weaknesses (1 st to relevancy rank) 5.Full-text indexing is now part of GS (working with publishers) 6.Key article feature: can search within citing articles

13. SOME GOOGLE STRENGTHS 7. Known-item searching 8. Long-tail searching (when search terms are low-occurring) 9. Times cited tool (covers grey lit) + search within citing articles feature 10. Books – out-of-copyright full-text access, locating a quote 11. US case law, grey literature, academic websites, Institutional Repositories

14. SOME GOOGLE WEAKNESSES 1. Low level of subject + author collocation 2. Not mapped to a specific discipline 3. Less search sophistication & manipulation (e.g. limits to “academic” lit, format type) 4. Pseudo-boolean operators 5. Missing deep data (e.g., statistics) 6. Not usually free Search via library 7. Mysterious algorithms (Coverage? Publishers? Opposite of transparent sources like PsycINFO).

15. S OME G OOGLE W EAKNESSES 8.Challenging to run searches that combine common words (e.g. Art + Time) 9.New articles might not be pushed up (popularity over currency) 10.Date limiter misleading: might refer to date added to Google rather than article date 11.Indexes articles from “predatory publishers”, perhaps harder to identify if working outside of your field

16. SUBJECT DATABASES Examples: PsycTESTS, Criminal Justice Abstracts Mapped to a disciplinary perspective High-quality, detailed metadata allows for limits and collocation related to your field Access to specialized material (e.g., tests, white papers, data)

17. E NCYCLOPEDIAS Overview of your topic / the “big picture” Particularly helpful if working outside your area Written with the academic in mind, often by specialists in the field Use the bibliography to identify key articles, studies, authors, etc. Check Research Guides or Online Reference Sources web pagesResearch Guides Online Reference Sources Search for encyclopedia + [topic] in one our search tools Gale Virtual Reference Library or Sage Knowledge 3 rd floor collection Encyclopedia of Sleep

18. P SYC TESTS Indexes 18,000+ Psychology tests, measures, assessments Mostly unpublished, non-commercial tests Scoring key usually not included (65 tests only with key) Descriptive test information + links to materials describing test: peer-reviewed literature, technical reports, & dissertations. (Demo – SFU affiliation)

19. D IGITAL D ISSERTATIONS Masters Theses and PhD Dissertations Use the lit reviews of others (local or Canadian material especially)! Data sources, statistics, measures Search for SFU-only theses Dissertations & Theses @ Simon Fraser University Or search globally Digital Dissertations Too old to be digitized yet? Try searching the Institutional Repository of the institution SFU’s IR is called Summit

20. COPYRIGHT Copyright at SFU Library for Graduate Students The Copyright Officer and Copyright Librarian will: Assist with copyright questions/issues pertaining to your thesis. Assist with any other copyright questions (e.g., regarding teaching, non-thesis publications, etc...) Meet with you in person, over the phone, or via email: copy@sfu.ca copy@sfu.ca

22. A [ VERY ] SHORT INTRODUCTION TO D ATA M ANAGEMENT Carla Graebner, Data Curator and Digital Preservation Project Manager (Librarian)

23. W HAT DMP: A series of steps to ensure your data* remains safe and accessible** *Data = anything from image/sound files to tabular data to lab notes. It’s whatever your you base your scholarly output on. **Accessible = determined by you, agency funders, publishers, etc.

24. W HY ? Maintains research integrity over time Assists in continued access Allows replicability Enhances scholarly reputation Data citation (hurrah!) Likely to be required by granting agencies and publishers

25. H OW ? Create and implement a ‘Data Management Plan’: Organize your data (e.g., file naming conventions) Document your data (e.g., metadata standards) Back-up your data (e.g., data storage location) Share your data (e.g., set sharing parameters) Curate your data (e.g., normalize selected data)

26. II. L ITERATURE R EVIEWS Identify and search within a wide range of sources Within each source – searched separately – choose the right search terms and combine them in an effective way Level of meticulousness relates to how tolerant your type of literature review is to missing some sources Range: From Abstract Buffet (scoping review) to Systematic Review

27. L ITERATURE REVIEW P ROCESS 1. Identify key concepts 2. List relevant search terms 3. Search each concept separately 4. Combine concepts 5. Modify 6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 in each database or source

28. Discuss the impact of the media on the body image of young women. Identify key concepts Brainstorm synonyms and related words for each concept A. SEARCH TERMS

29. Discuss the impact of the media on the body image of young women. Identify key concepts Brainstorm synonyms and related words for each concept SEARCH TERMS

30. T OPIC S COPE Do you have a subject area, topic, or thesis ? Subject is very broad: freedom of information, Charter of Rights and mental illness Topic adds a second concept, explores a relationship or question between the two concepts: testosterone levels in sex offenders, effect of art therapy on recidivism Thesis: you are making an assertion and providing supportive evidence: Art therapy decreases recidivism in young offenders

31. Media: television, magazines, movies, films, celebrities, music, fashion, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube Body Image: self esteem, self concept, body conscious, identity Young Women : teenage, teenager, teen, youth, adolescent, adolescence, women, woman, female Tips: - consider the terminology of the time period - consider narrowing of your focus (ie. Media is a big topic, magazines is a more manageable topic) SEARCH TERMS

32. Subject headings: a systematic, hierarchical, and finite language used for describing subjects/concepts. Articles and books will usually have 3-8 subject headings assigned to their citation or bibliographic record. This is human indexing. Keyword searching based on computer indexing SH particularly useful for high volume and disambiguation SUBJECT HEADINGS

33. Subject headings/descriptors are a standard field in most databases Subject Headings are unique to each database: MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) of PubMed PsycINFO subject headings for PsycINFO Can start with thesaurus directly or use a keyword search Sometimes keywords = subject headings Demo – catalogue, Medline MeSH 2014  anemia (expand)  anemia (aplastic)  etc.  fanconi anemia (SH v. regular search) SUBJECT HEADINGS

34. Coronary Prone Behavior PsycINFO subject heading Type A personality keyword Demo: PsycINFO (“Type A personality”)

35. Subject headings Example: BT (Broader Terms) NT (Narrower Terms) RT (Related Terms) EXPLODE (means include all subordinate terms) Field searching, limit to title

36. Search Strategies

37. B OOLEAN O PERATORS Connect concepts (magazine AND body image) Search for related terms (teen OR youth OR adolescent) Exclude irrelevant terms (woman NOT man)

38. AND / OR Magazines Body image Magazines OR body image Magazines AND body image

39. SEARCH STRATEGIES - CHARACTERS Searching for a phrase – use quotation marks “body image” Alternative spellings & endings – use truncation ( asterisks ) after the root of the word Use wildcard to pick up word variants (colo#r = colour or color); not necessarily automatized Teen* picks up teen, teens, teenage, teenager, teenagers

40. PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER (DE "Social Media") OR Facebook OR LinkedIN OR Twitter AND (DE "Body Image“) OR “body image” OR (DE "Body Image Disturbances") AND teen* OR adolescen* Search Limits can be used as well (e.g., Age Groups)

41. S AVED SEARCHES Create account in EBSCO to keep track of your searches Combine searches in “saved history” Set up alerts for new articles Use citation manager software like RefWorks, Zotero, Mendeley, to keep track of citations and de-duplicatecitation manager software Demo – search history (search history  saved searches  retrieve saved search)

42. A DDITIONAL RESOURCES Campbell Collaboration: http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/ Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: http://cufts2.lib.sfu.ca/CRDB4/BVAS/resource/9990 http://cufts2.lib.sfu.ca/CRDB4/BVAS/resource/9990 Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: http://handbook.cochrane.org/ http://handbook.cochrane.org/ PRISMA website: http://www.prisma-statement.org/statement.htm (checklist and flow diagram) Sage Research Methods Online: http://cufts2.lib.sfu.ca/CRDB4/BVAS/resource/9990http://www.prisma-statement.org/statement.htmhttp://cufts2.lib.sfu.ca/CRDB4/BVAS/resource/9990 SFU Library Guide to Systematic Reviews: http://www.lib.sfu.ca/help/subject- guides/health-sciences/hsci891-3http://www.lib.sfu.ca/help/subject- guides/health-sciences/hsci891-3 Searching for studies: A guide to information retrieval for Campbell Systematic Reviews (2010)

43. Questions? Yolanda S Koscielski ysk6@sfu.ca