1. P13026: Portable Ventilator
Team Leader: Daniel Fenton
Kennedy Kong
Marie Revekant
David Engell
Eric Welch
Derek Zielinski
Chris Freeman
Melissa Harrison
Ryan Muckel
Roberto Castillo Zavala

2. Engineering Specifications
Portable Emergency Ventilator
Engineering Specifications - Revision 5 - 2/8/13
Specification Number
Importance
Source
Function
Specification (Metric)
Unit of Measure
Target Value
Accuracy
Comments / Status S1 3
CN1
System Operation
Volume Control
Liters
10% S2
Breathing Rate
BPM, Breaths per Minute
4 -15 S3
Peak Flow
Liter/Min S4
Air Assist Senitivity
cm H20 S5
System Safety
High Pressure Alarm S6
DC Input
Volts
6 - 16 S7
DC Internal Battery 12 S8
CN4
Battery Operation Time
Hours 1 S9
PRP
Elasped Time Meter
S10
System Longevity
Pump Life
2000
S11
Secondary Pressure Relief 75
S12
Timed Backup BPM
seconds 15
S13 2
CN8
Blood Oxygen Level %
88-100 ±2
S15
System Robustness
Operational Temperature
Degrees Celsius
0 - 40
S16
CN2
System Portability
Volume
cm3
10,000
S17
Weight Kg
<8
Importance Weight: 3 = Must Have, 2 = Nice to Have, 1 = Preference Only

3. Parker T1-1HD-12-1NEA
Peak Flow = 32.5* LPM 12 VDC Weight = 1.5 kg Pump Life = 3500 hours 16.5 x 7 x 9.9 cm (6.5 x 2.75 x 3.91 in)

4. Pneumatic Schematic

5. Tubing Head Loss Analysis (Between Pump outlet and Ventilator outlet)
Bernouli’s Equation Assumptions
Constant velocity, height and air density
Major Head Loss:
Dependent on length of tube between ventilator and pump exit
Minor Head Loss
Dependent on the expansion and contraction for two T-joints
𝑃 1 𝜌 𝑉 𝑔 𝑧 1 − 𝑃 1 𝜌 𝑉 𝑔 𝑧 2 = 𝑃 1 − 𝑃 2 𝜌 = ℎ 𝑙𝑇
ℎ 𝑙𝑇 = ℎ 𝑙𝑚 + ℎ 𝑙 = 𝑓 𝐿 𝐷 𝑉 𝐾 𝑐 𝑉 𝐾 𝑒 𝑉
Δ𝑃=𝜌 ℎ 𝑙𝑇 =𝜌 𝑓 𝐿 𝐷 𝑉 𝐾 𝑐 𝑉 𝐾 𝑒 𝑉 = 𝑝𝑠𝑖

6. Mass flow sensor analysis
Cross Sectional View of Mass Flow Junction
Color Code
Blue = Tubing
Black = T-Joint
Red = Mass Flow Sensor
Orange = Control Volume for Mass Flow Route
Green = Control Volume for Main Route

7. Mass flow sensor analysis
Circuit Analogy
Color Code
Orange = Control Volume for Mass Flow Route
Green = Control Volume for Main Route
Analogy Explanation
Current ≈ Flow Rate
Resistance ≈ Head Loss
Voltage Drop ≈ Pressure Drop → Constant through each path!

8. Mass flow sensor analysis
Head Loss Through Main Tubing Path (Green)
Minor
Expansion from first T-Joint to Tubing
Contraction from Tubing to second T-Joint
Major
Frictional loss along length of tubing
Head Loss Through Mass Flow Path (Orange)
Contraction from Original flow to first T-Joint
Two curves (approximated as 90 degree angles)
Expansion from second T-joint to original flow
No Major Losses (length of tubing is negligible)
Mass Flow Sensor Pressure Drop

9. Mass flow sensor analysis
Pressure Drop
Assuming constant height, density and velocity
𝑃 1 𝜌 𝑉 𝑔 𝑧 1 − 𝑃 1 𝜌 𝑉 𝑔 𝑧 2 = 𝑃 1 − 𝑃 2 𝜌 = ℎ 𝑙 𝑇 ⟹ΔP=𝜌 ℎ 𝑙 𝑇
Total Head Loss
ℎ 𝑙𝑇 = ℎ 𝑙𝑚 + ℎ 𝑙
Major Head Loss
ℎ 𝑙 =𝑓 𝐿 𝐷 𝑉 2 2
Minor Head Losses
Contraction and Expansion
Curves
ℎ 𝑙 𝑚 𝐶 = 𝐾 𝑐 𝑉 ℎ 𝑙 𝑚 𝐸 = 𝐾 𝑒 𝑉 2 2
ℎ 𝑙 𝑚 =𝑓 𝐿 𝑒 𝐷 𝑉 2 2

10. Mass flow sensor analysis
Mass Flow Sensor Pressure Drop
Calculated by interpolating from provided table
Assumed flow would be between 200 and 400 sccm (based on educated guess)
Δ 𝑃 𝑚𝑓 =31+ 𝑄 2 − − −31
Final Calculations
Only unknown is Q2
Plugged all equations into an excel sheet and changed value of Q2 until the difference between the pressure drops in each path was negligible (8.49e-8)
𝑄 2 = 𝑐 𝑚 3 𝑚𝑖𝑛

11. HONEYWELL AWM2300V
FEATURES • Bidirectional sensing capability • Actual mass air flow sensing •Low differential pressure sensing The AWM2000 Series microbridge mass airflow sensor is a passive device comprised of two Wheatstone bridges. Data is transmitted via analog. A typical application is in medical respirators and ventilators.

12. Honeywell AWM2300v cont.
Performance / VDC, 25°C
Characteristic
Value
Flow Range
(Full Scale)
+/ sccm
Accuracy
2.5%
Weight
10.8g
Power Consumption
30mV – 50mV
Sensor Current
Max. 0.6mA
Response Time
1msec – 3msec
Temp. Range
Oper. -25°C to +85°C
Storage: -40°C to +90°C
Dimension
31.5mm x 54.4mm x 15.5mm

13. NPC-1210 Low Pressure Sensor
Applications:
Medical Equipment
Ventilation
Respirator monitoring
Features:
High Sensitivity
High accuracy
CB mountable package
DIP package
Solid-state reliability
Individual device traceability

14. NPC-1210 Low Pressure Sensor
Characteristic
Value
Pressure Range
(Full Scale)
1psi or 70.3cmH2O To
3psi or 155.1cmH20
Accuracy
.5%
Weight
2.5g
Temp. Range
Oper. -40°C to +125°C
Storage: -55°C to +150°C
Dimension
15.24mm x 15.24mm x 4.2mm
Output Type
Analog

15. Control system
K70 MCU Tower kit NEC 5.7” FutureTechnology TouchStone Low-Voltage, 3-Phase Motor Control Medial Development Module Pulse Oximeter Bluetooth Module

16. K70 Tower System TWR-K70F120M-KIT 32-bit ARM® Cortex™-M4
All the ARMv7E-M architecture instructions
Maximum core operating frequency of 120MHz
Onboard LCD graphics control module
TouchStone
Larger screens
Tamper detection Security
Freescale supplies code for majority of our functionality
Reduces learning curve.

17. 5.7” TouchStone
Future Technology LCD: NL6448BC TWR-PIM-41WVGA Display Kit TouchStone interface allows K70 to drive bigger screens

18. Low-Voltage 3-Phase Motor Control
TWR-MC-LV3PH Three-phase Brushless DC (BLDC) Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Power supply voltage input 12-24VDC, extended up to 50VDC Output current up to 8 amps

19. Medial Development Module
TWR-MCF51MM Can operate as a stand alone debugging tool Required for the MED-SPO2

20. Bluetooth Connectivity
TWRPI-BLE- DEMO
Connects onto the K70 Board
Discovery
Potential connectivity to mobile device
Potential Bluetooth pulse oximeter

21. pulse Oximeter
This external device will allow for an EMT to monitor a patient’s Blood Oxygen level as well as their pulse. The Pulse Oximeter chosen for this prototype will be the Nellcor DS-100A Reusable Finger Clip. This device will interface with the Freescale MED-SPO2 development board via a DB9 connection. The MED-SPO2 is a MOD that can be attached to the K-70 tower to allow the data being created by the Pulse Oximeter to be displayed on the screen of the K-70.
This particular Pulse Oximeter has been chosen because there is clear documentation on how to interface it with the Freescale hardware we will be using for the control system.

22. pulse Oximeter (cont.)

23. pulse Oximeter (cont.)

24. Other Components Elapsed time meter
Item
Hour Meter
Type
LCD
Time Range (Hours)
0 to 99,999
Bezel Face (In.)
2.12 x 1.25
Bezel Face Type
2-Hole Rectangular
Voltage
4.5 to 28VDC
Display Units
Hours and Tenths
Depth (In.)
0.51
Length (In.)
1.22
Width (In.)
2.12
Ambient Temp. Range (F)
-22 a 149
Material of Construction
ABS
Reset Type
Remote Signal
Fits
1.45"x0.95"
Mounting Method
Flange
Terminal Type
Spade

25. Other Components Tubing Material
Item
I.D. (in)
O.D. (in)
Wall Thickness (in)
Minimum Bend Radius (in)
Max Working Pressure (psi)
Air Tubing
1/8
3/16
1/32
1/2 30
3/8
5/8
1-1/8 40

26. Power System

27. Power Flow

28. Tekkeon MP3450i 12V, 5V Li-Ion 60 Wh < 1 lb.
3.3" x 6.8" x 0.9" (20.2 in3)
Built in charging port, prevents overcharging
Comes with VAC charger, can also be charged with 9-24VDC
Low battery audible alert
Price: $200, inc. tax & shipping
Operating temps: -10°C to 60°C
Charging temps: 0°C to 45°C
Capacity reduces to 70% after 300 charge/discharge cycles

29. Feasibility - Power Analysis
Current (A)
Voltage (V)
Power (W)
Pump*
3.8 12
22.8
MCU (K70P256M120SF3)
0.3
1.14
NEC 4.3" LCD (NL4827HC19-05B)
0.2764 5
1.382
Total
25.322
*Assumes pump is running at 50% duty cycle
Battery Voltage (V) 12
Battery Capacity (Ah) 5
Battery Capacity (Wh) 60
Expected Battery Life (Hours)
2.37

30. Feasibility - Battery Lifetime
Battery capacity (Wh) 60
Power draw (Wh)
25.322
Battery capacity after 300 charge cycles
70%
Number of charge cycles
550
New expected battery life (Hours)
1.07
Average number of uses per week* 5
Battery lifetime (years)
2.12
*Estimated number of uses per week

31. Thermal Analysis
Goal: Ensure styrene shell won’t melt during operation
Primary Thermal Loads
Pump Motor (20 W)
Battery (5 W)
MCU (5 W)
Total with FOS = 2 (60 W)
Assumptions
Natural Convection (5 W/m2)
Neglect Radiation
Uniform Distribution of Heat Generation
Simplified Geometry and Removal of Accessories
300 K Bulk Temperature

32. Results

33. Test plans for mcu and module
Phase 1: Model View Control architecture

34. MCU The K70 will be the Model and View. The modules are controls.
Create “test” inputs.
If a new mode is selected, it would poll the selected settings.
Passes instructions to the other modules, like the Motor controller to change the motor signal.
Model:
Model should be quick to process all the information
Test Inputs should be responsible and almost instantaneous due to high risk.
View:
Create display for how all the information pass through the switches and knobs.
Change in Setting during operation:
If change in setting, the display will reflect this action.
Change in mode:
If different mode was selected, it would display a set of settings specifically for the setting.

35. Screen test plan Majority of the View portion of the MVC architecture.
Follow MCU tutorials to obtain basic communication with the LCD.
Create Simple GUI
Create Buttons
Create animation.
Responsive stress test:
Send numerous redraw instructions to force screen to refresh as quickly as possible. If user were to spam inputs.
Calculate the average response rate.

36. 3 Phase motor control test plan
Majority of the Control portion of the MVC architecture
Test constant Voltage output.
Send constant voltage
Measure the voltage across the motor control pins over time
Test rising voltage out
Send raising voltage command
Test pulse voltage out
Send pulse voltage command
Measure the voltage across the motor control over time
Test Sine voltage out
Send a wave of voltage command
Stress test
Send series of various output patters, then quickly cut power to zero, simulating emergency cut off
Measure the voltage across the motor control over time.

37. Specifications Tested
Power System Testing
Specifications Tested
Tests to be run
Battery life - Determine how long the battery can operate the pump for before the battery shuts down at room temperature. Repeat test with temperatures of -20° C.
Input voltages - Ensure the battery can be charged with both 120V AC and with a range of DC voltages.
Output voltages - Ensure the battery can provide both 5V to the MCU and 12V to the pump for the duration of it’s life.
Test Spec
Description
Critical Value
Nominal Value S6
Battery must be able to be charged with a range of voltages
12 to 24 V
6 to 24 V S7
Battery must output a voltage of 12V to power the pump and 5V to power the MCU
11 to 13V and 5V
12V and 5V S8
Battery must power the unit for at least 1 hour
>1 hour
>2 hours
S15
Battery must be able to operate in all temperature situations
<0° C
<-20° C

38. User interface

39. 13 Principles of Display Design
Make displays legible (or audible)
Avoid absolute judgment limits
Top-down processing
Redundancy gain
Discriminability
Pictorial Realism
Moving Part (compatibility)
Information access cost
Proximity Compatibility
Multiple resources
Predictive aiding
Knowledge in the world
Consistency
Perceptual Principles
Mental Model Principles
Principles based on Attention
Memory Principles

40. problems
Make legible displays -readability of scales and settings Avoid absolute judgment -ranges of knobs Redundancy -usability for user Proximity Compatibility -location of user controls Top-down processing - Assimilating knob sizes with functionality

41. New Design Principles Principle of pictorial realism
Battery charge displayed as symbol for battery
Heart rate indicated by heart symbol
Adding more symbols to redundantly display realism
Principle of moving part
Any loaded data will mimic real movement and typical psychological movements in humans

42. User Controls- speaker
CUI Inc.-
CDMG ND

43. User controls- settings switches
TE Connectivity-
SWITCH KNOB STRGHT 0.76" W/SPIN
Kilo International-
KNOB BLK GLOSS.625"DIA.125"SHAFT
KNOB BLK MATTE.50"DIA 6MM SHAFT

44. switches Manual Switch Mode Switch Power Switch Reset Switch
Kilo International-
KNOB BLK MATTE.50"DIA .125"SHAFT
NKK Switches-
SWITCH PUSHBUTTON DPDT 3A 125V
Power Switch
Reset Switch
TE Connectivity-
SWITCH ROCKER SPST 20A 125V
Grayhill Inc.-
SWITCH PUSH SPST-NC 1A 115V

45. User Interface Test Plans
Objective: how inherent it is to use; ease of use Subjects: RIT ambulance, doctors from RIT health center, ski patrollers Procedure: 1. design a mock up of user interface using actual user controls 2. design a set of tasks for the subjects to complete that simulate situation encountered while utilizing ventilator 3. record data: tasks performed correctly, general observations 3. perform statistical analysis on data collected for percentages of subjects that complete tasks correctly

46. Plastic Sheeting Strong Waterproof
Connections (screws, bolts, etc.) easily attached
Cost Effective
Between $6-$40 for 2880 square inches.
Adjustable / Easily Worked With
When heated, becomes extremely flexible and can be bent to specified angles. (Vaccu-form, manual shaping)
When cooled, retains shape and strength.

51. Bom

52. Bom

53. Risk assessment

56. pROject future

58. Mediresp iiii- 2015

59. Questions