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THE AMERICAN EDUCATION SYSTEM Justin Cubilo
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Types of Schools Kindergarten A program or class for four-year-old to six-year-old children that serves as an introduction to school. Public School An elementary or secondary school in the United States supported by public funds and providing free education for children of a community or district. Elementary School A school for the first four to eight years of a child's formal education, often including kindergarten. Secondary School A school that is intermediate in level between elementary school and college and that usually offers general, technical, vocational, or college- preparatory curricula.
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Types of Schools (cont.) Prep School A usually private secondary school that prepares students for college. Charter School A public school operated independently of the local school board, often with a curriculum and educational philosophy different from the other schools in the system. Boarding School A school where pupils are provided with meals and lodging. Vocational High School A school that offers instruction and practical introductory experience in skilled trades such as mechanics, carpentry, plumbing, and construction
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Types of Schools (cont.) Community College A junior college without residential facilities that is often funded by the government. Home School A school operated outside established educational institutions, especially in a home. College/University An institution for higher learning with teaching and research facilities constituting a graduate school and professional schools that award master's degrees and doctorates and an undergraduate division that awards bachelor's degrees
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College vs. University What is the difference between the usage of college and university? Nothing. The only difference is that college is used more often in American English while university is used more often in British English. What is the difference between a community college and a college/university? Community colleges generally only offer a two year degree at the end of which they get an associate’s degree. They also prepare students to go off to a university where they can earn their bachelor’s degree.
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The American School System Fill out the graphic organizer with the information that you are presented with. Each box represents a new progression through the school system.
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Example: Nursery School/Kindergarten: Transition from home to formal schooling Children are taught to develop basic skills through creative play and social interaction Generally for children between the ages of 4 and 6.
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Elementary School Generally for students between kindergarten and fifth-grade. Children are taught the basics of reading and writing. These skills are continuously developed. Social studies, science, math, English are integrated into the school day.
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Middle School/Junior High Serve as a “bridge” between elementary school and high school. Junior High generally includes grades 7 and 8 Middle school generally includes grades 6, 7, and 8 The terms are often interchangeable Students are taught in an interdisciplinary approach by several teachers who teach the same group of students. Students learn about the same topic from the perspective of different disciplines Courses begin to target
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This leads into two possibilities High School Vocational High School
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High School Educates students from grades 9 through 12 Subclassed as general high schools, vocational high schools, or preparatory high schools. Most are general high schools Offer college preparatory classes for advanced students as well as general education classes. High school curriculums vary by state. Students have a little more freedom in what classes the take.
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Vocational High School Generally considered to be “post-secondary schools” Exist to teach job-specific skills. Considered as institutions devoted to training. Examples of vocations that training is given for: Car mechanics Electricians Plumbers
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University/College Institution of higher education and research. Grants degrees in many subjects. Offers undergraduate and postgraduate education. Organized into a number of academic schools or colleges. i.e. Arts and Letters, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences Students pay tuition and fees in order to attend. A great deal of flexibility in courses that can be taken to fulfill requirements.
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Professional School/Postgraduate School Schools that are attended after the Bachelor’s degree has been earned. One generally goes to a postgraduate school in order to get a Master’s degree or PhD in a subject that is normally related to their undergraduate major. Professional schools refer to medical school, law school, pharmacy school, etc. These schools train a student in a specific area.
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Pre-Reading: Vocabulary 1. H 2. L 3. B 4. E 5. A 6. M 7. F 8. O
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Pre-Reading (cont.) 9. G 10. I 11. C 12. N 13. K 14. D 15. J
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Comprehension Questions 1. Middle-class, white, English-speaking. 2. Demographic shifts took place. Minority groups joined the original student population. 3. Mexican immigrants and other Spanish speaking people. African-American children. 4. Spanish, Vietnamese, Russian, Hmong, Chinese and Farsi. No, they are all at different levels. 5. She remains constant in her enthusiasm and her vision for her teaching job. Her greatest challenge is the cultural diversity of her students.
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Focus on the Grammar Simple Past How is it formed? Verb + -ed There are also irregular forms. How is it used? Completed actions in the past. Series of completed actions in the past. Duration of actions in the past.
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Worksheet 1. grade 2. core 3. started 4. interaction 5. accepted 6. took 7. expanded 8. became 9. minority
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Worksheet (cont.) 10. began 11. spoke 12. considerable 13. intermediate 14. constraints 15. demographic 16. techniques 17. components 18. integration 19. levies
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Homeschooling 1. Able to spend more time with children, test scores are higher, able to tailor curriculum, siblings able to be closer, lessens the burden on taxpayers 2. 6,296 ; 4,241 3. controversial public school decisions 4. Notify the state, hold a high school diploma, keep attendance and immunization records on file, give an annual standardized test. 5. Most are white, Christian, and affluent.
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