1. Lucy Ferguson Department of Politics University of Sheffield l.j.ferguson@sheffield.ac.uk

2.  What are gender equality and women’s empowerment and why do they matter?  Global policy context – Millennium Development Goal 3  Structure and objectives of presentation 2

3.  Gender inequalities in tourism work  Gender inequalities in the distribution of benefits of tourism  Gender inequalities in tourism communities  Complex and contradictory outcomes for gender equality and women’s empowerment – tourism development reconfigures gender relations 3

4.  UNWTO Women in Tourism Taskforce  World Bank – ‘Gender Equality as Smart Economics’ approach  Current examples of projects promoting women’s economic empowerment 4

5.  How to make gender equality a fundamental component of pro-poor tourism approaches?  To what extent want to tackle inequality?  What kind of notion of empowerment want to work with? Economic or more broad?  Who are ‘women’? What about differences between women along class, nationality and ethnicity lines? 5

6.  Stage 1: Review of operations - where is gender equality component in current work?  Stage 2: Theoretically-informed analysis and conceptual clarity before attempting any gender equality programme  Stage 3: Contextual analysis - understand inter- sectionality and power relations in specific location  Stage 4: Integrate local women’s own concerns and wishes or aims will be misguided  Stage 5: Design specific programme and/or projects to use tourism to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment 6

7.  The more clear the objectives and conceptual clarity, the more effective any outcomes are likely to be  No ‘quick fix’ solutions – will require analysis, implementation, reflection and evaluation in order to be successful  Convergence of global development policy and tourism development policy around gender issues – good moment to seize these opportunities  Open a dialogue – l.j.ferguson@sheffield.ac.uk 7