2. SIMPLE INTRODUCTION Symbol: V Atomic Number: 23 Relative Atomic Mass: 50.9 Melting Point: 1910 °C Boiling Point: 3407 °C State in Room Temperature: Solid Properties: Hard, Malleable, Ductile Colour of the metal: Silvery Grey (See Fig 1) Corrosion Resistance: High Toxicity: All compounds of Vanadium are toxic Fig 1: Appearance of Vanadium

3. COMMON OXIDATION STATE OF VANADIUM The common oxidation states of vanadium are +2,+3,+4 and+5. Colour of Vanadium in different oxidation states: +2: Lilac/Violet +3: Green +4: Blue +5: Yellow Isotopes of Vanadium: 48 V 49 V 50 V 51 V

4. USES OF VANADIUM: Producing Alloy called “Ferrovanadium*” Used for applications in axles, bicycle frames, crankshafts, gears Used in cladding titanium to steel Producing inner structure of a fusion reactor. Vanadium dioxide VO 2, is used in the production of glass coatings, which blocks infrared radiation. Vanadium-gallium tape is used in superconducting magnets. Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid. Improve glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes. * Ferrovanadiuma: A vanadium-iron alloy

5. PRODUCING ALLOY CALLED “FERROVANADIUM”

6. USED FOR APPLICATIONS IN AXLES, BICYCLE FRAMES, CRANKSHAFTS, GEARS

7. PRODUCING INNER STRUCTURE OF A FUSION REACTOR.

8. SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS