1. Metals, metalloids, and non metals
Ms caldarola

2. Chemical vs physical properties
Chemical property
A property that describes an ability to change into a different substance
Can only be observed by changing the matter
Physical property
A property that can be observed without changing the composition of the matter
A property that can usually be observed using senses

3. Metals
Metals – are elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat
They are shiny and bendable
Where in the periodic table are metals found?
At the left side and extending more than halfway across the table
What in the classroom contains metal? (raise your hand)

4. Physical properties of Metals
The physical properties of metals include
Luster – shiny and reflective
Malleability – material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets or other shapes. ex: copper
Ductility – material that can be pulled out or drawn into long wire. Ex: copper
Conductivity – 2 types
Thermal conductivity -ability of an object to transfer heat
Electrical conductivity -The ability of an object to carry electric current

5. Metals Have low specific heats
Specific heat - is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a material by 1 kelvin
What does this mean?
Only a small amount of energy is required to raise the temperature of a metal

6. Metals Some metals are magnetic Iron, cobalt, and nickel
Most metals are solids at room temperature
Mercury – only metal that is a liquid at room temperature
Usually do NOT combine with each other
Readily combine with nonmetals

7. Activity page 80
Identify the properties of metals exhibited by each of the objects located at the top of the page.

8. Chemical Properties of metal
Reactivity – speed with which an element combines or reacts with other substances
Why do metals react?
Metals usually react by losing electrons to other atoms
Ex: sodium (Na) reacts strongly with water
Corrosion – deterioration of a metal due to a chemical reaction in the environment

9. Apply it page 81
1. some of the silver forks shown have lost their luster, they have become more tarnished.
This is an example of _______________________
2. what properties of gold and platinum make these metals desirable for jewelry?

10. How are metals classified
In the periodic table, metals are classifies as
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Transition metals
Metals in mixed groups
Lanthanides
Actinides

11. Types of metals Alkali metals – an element in Group 1 Most reactive
Mostly found in compounds
Pure alkali metals are shiny and soft
Low density and melting points
Alkaline earth metal – an element is Group 2
Harder and denser
Melt at higher temperatures
Reactive, but not with alkali metals
Mostly compounds

12. Types of Metals Transition metals – elements in Groups 3 – 12
Ex: iron, copper, nickel, gold, and silver
Hard and shiny solids
High melting points and high densities
Good conductors of heat and electric current
Very malleable
Less reactive

13. Types of metals Mixed groups – only some elements in Group 13-16
Ex: tin (Sn) and Lead (Pb)
Lanthanides
Top row are lanthanides
Lanthanides are used to make laser light
Ex: used for surgery and cutting metals
Actinides
Second row, below lanthanides
Most artificially made in laboratories

14. lets review what we learned
What does it mean to be poor conductors of heat or electricity?
Heat or electricity is not easily transferred through materials
What types of metals do we have?
Alkali metals, alkali earth metals, transition metals, mixed groups, lanthanides, and actinides
What does malleable mean?
Material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets

15. Let review what we learned
What does ductile mean?
Material that can be pulled out into long wires
What are they 2 types of conductivity
Thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity
What does reactivity mean?
Speed at which an elements combines or reacts with other substance.

16. Nonmetals
Nonmetals – is an element that lacks most of the properties of a metal
Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) are nonmetals found in your DNA

17. Physical properties: Nonmetals
Nonmetals are poor conductors of electric current and heat
Solid non metals tend to be dull and brittle
Low density
Are gases at room temperature
Ex: air you breath is mostly nitrogen and oxygen
Carbon, sulfur (S), and iodine (I) are solids at room temperature
Only Bromine is liquid at room temperature

18. Chemical Properties: Nonmetals
Usually gain or share electron when they react with other atoms
Nonmetals react with metals
What happens?
Electrons move from the metal atom to the nonmetal atom
Ex: sodium and chlorine react to form table salt (NaCl)- an electron moves from the sodium atom to the chlorine atom

19. Chemical Properties: Nonmetals
Able to form compound with other nonmetals
In these compounds, the atom share their electron to form bonds
When 2 or more atoms bond this way, they form a molecule
Water molecule (H20)
Apply it page. 88