1. Yahya Kurama, Assistant Professor Richard Christenson, Graduate Student Tracy Correa, Graduate Student Gang Mei, Graduate Student Brian Morgen, Graduate Student Andrew Jackson Middle School March 14, 2001

2. Structure: “any assemblage of materials which is intended to sustain loads” Nearly every plant and animal, and nearly all works of man have to sustain forces without breaking, so practically everything is a structure of one type or another.

3. Buildings Dams Tunnels Bridges Domes Civil Structures are BIG!

4. Gravity loads (self weight, people, furniture, etc.) Earth and water pressure Wind loads Earthquakes Structures respond to these dynamic loads, moving, swaying, and ….

9. AUGUST 17, 1999 IZMIT EARTHQUAKE (M 7.4)

10. SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN THE REGION

12. RIGHT-LATERAL STRIKE-SLIP FAULT (> 1400 km) E E W W

13. HORIZONTAL SLIP ALONG THE NAF 2 meters (6.6 feet) 2 meters (6.6 feet)

14. HORIZONTAL SLIP ALONG THE NAF

16. VERTICAL SLIP ALONG THE NAF 1.7 meters (5.6 feet) 1.7 meters (5.6 feet)

17. VERTICAL SLIP ALONG THE NAF

18. REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS

20. WHICH FLOOR WOULD YOU RATHER LIVE IN?

21. SOFT/WEAK STORY COLLAPSE

22. REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS

24. HYGOKEN-NAMBU, JAPAN, 1994

25. CHI-CHI, TAIWAN, 1999

26. NORTHRIDGE, U.S., 1994

28. SEISMIC ISOLATION

29. SEISMIC ISOLATION USING LEAD-RUBBER BEARINGS

30. LEAD-RUBBER BEARING

31. USC UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL - WITH ISOLATION

33. OLIVE VIEW HOSPITAL - WITHOUT ISOLATION

36. Civil Engineering has many interesting and challenging problems. Protecting structures against damaging winds and earthquakes is one of the important jobs of a civil engineer.

37. National Science Foundation Scientists and Engineers in the Schools Program

38. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/ U.S. Geological Survey http://wwwneic.cr.usgs.gov/

39. On PBS http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/