1. Bell Ringer [3 Minutes]
Biochemistry Vocabulary Cloze

2. MYP Biology: Atomic Structure
Unit 3: Life Takes Chemistry

3. Anything with mass and volume (it “takes up space”) Made up of atoms
What is Matter?
Anything with mass and volume (it “takes up space”)
Made up of atoms
The outlines of Silicon atoms as seen through a Scanning-Tunneling Microscope

4. What is Matter?
4 main states of matter:
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

5. The States of Matter:

6. What is an Atom? PROTON (+) NEUTRON (no charge) ELECTRON (-)
Atoms are the smallest particle units of MATTER—EVERYTHING is made of atoms
Made of three ‘subatomic’ particles:
PROTON (+)
NEUTRON (no charge)
ELECTRON (-)

7. What is an Atom?
The NUCLEUS, or the core of the atom, contains PROTONS and NEUTRONS
Electrons orbit the nucleus at different energy levels. This is called the ELECTRON CLOUD

8. What is an Atom?
ELECTRONS
Nucleus:
PROTONS &
NEUTRONS
ELECTRON CLOUD

9. What is an Element?
An element is a substance made up of ONE type of atom, EX:

10. What is an Element?
Nearly 100 naturally-occurring elements (plus nearly 20 more synthetic ones)
All known elements organized in Periodic Table

11. 10,000,000,000+ cells What is an Element?
Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N) make up 96% of the human body:
10,000,000,000+ cells
1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000+ atoms

12. Meet the Elements: Iodine
Needed by humans and other higher animals for thyroid hormones which regulate metabolism
Today, most salt is “iodized”

13. Meet the Elements: Neon
Chemically ‘inert’ (does not react)
Produces red-orange light in ‘neon’ signs—also used in T.V. tubes

14. Meet the Elements: Carbon
A building-block of all organisms—also makes up graphite and diamonds

15. Meet the Elements: Iron
Common metal used in industry
Helps red blood cells bind and carry oxygen through body

16. Meet the Elements: Calcium
Most abundant metal in most animals
“Builds strong bones” (99% of human Calcium is stored in bones and teeth) and helps blood clotting

17. What is an Ion?
An atom that has lost or gained electrons to take on a positive or negative charge Cl -
A Chloride ion Na +
A Sodium ion

18. How do Atoms Combine?
Atoms link together by forming chemical BONDS
Two main types of bonds:
Ionic Bonds Based on the electrical force between oppositely-charged ions
Covalent Bonds  Electrons are shared between atoms

20. What is a Molecule?
Two or more atoms are joined by COVALENT bonds to form a MOLECULE

21. CO₂ H₂O SiO₄ NaCl What is a Compound?
Compounds are molecules made up of atoms of DIFFERENT elements bonded together
SiO₄
H₂O
CO₂
NaCl

22. How are Elements Organized?
Periodic Table

23. There are 3 main types of elements in the Periodic Table:

24. How are Elements Organized?
Atomic Number: Number of Protons
Symbol
Full Name
Avg. Atomic Mass: Number of Protons + Neutrons

25. How are Elements Organized?
Atomic Number tells the number of PROTONS and ELECTRONS in the atom
Atomic Mass tells the number of PROTONS plus the amount of NEUTRONS since these are the only two particles with a significant mass.

26. Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table order of Atomic Number.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

27. 5 6 Now, some Periodic Math! BORON How many protons?
How many electrons?
How many neutrons? (round atomic mass to nearest whole number—11)? 6
BORON

28. 10 10 3 7 1 10 20 Ne 3 4 Li 1 H ATOMIC NUMBER PROTONS NEUTRONS
ATOMIC MASS
ELEMENT 10 20 Ne 3 4 Li 1 H 10 10 3 7 1

29. Understanding Check!
Which of the following is made up of CELLS?

30. Understanding Check!
Which of the following is made up of ATOMS?

31. Proton Neutron Electron Understanding Check!
Three particles of the ATOM?
Proton
Neutron
Electron

32. O¯ CO₂ O O₃ Understanding Check! Compound, Ion, Element, or Molecule…?
Oxide
CO₂
Carbon Dioxide O
Oxygen O₃
Ozone

33. C + O₂ = CO₂ Na + Cl¯ = NaCl Understanding Check! +
IONIC BOND or COVALENT BOND? +
Na + Cl¯ = NaCl
C + O₂ = CO₂

34. THE END