1. Slide Recognition A Powerpoint to quiz yourself: The artist(s) name(s) are in the “add notes” section below each slide.

15. (this is not the picture of what we will be tested but also by same artist)

22. Added notes, if you are interested…

23.  Photograms were specifically championed by Dada and Surrealists because it’s basically light, and no one has really showed the photogram as art, there is no implied illusionistic Place. You know that something existed on the paper but you don’t necessary know what it is. A photograph is more than just what is pictured.

24. Surrealism Announced the primacy of the irrational and the belief in a truth above or beyond realism. The advocated the transformation of humans perception through greater contact with the inner world of imagination. Embracing irrational mind

25. Flatness= utilized by abstract expressionists

26. Robert Frank compiled a book, “The Americans”

27. Social Landscape Photographers:  Influenced by Robert Frank.  Interested in how the World was translated into photography  Indifferent to social reform but acutely focused on the qualities of camera vision  Lee Friedlander, Robert Frank, Andre Kertesz, Weegee, Garry Winogrand, Lisette Model

28. “I photograph to find out what the world looks like photographed” – Garry Winogrand Winnogrand’s work pictures home in on human gestures and body stances that indicate interpersonal tension and inner turmoil.

29. Abstract Expressionism is the first major art movement in the US Popart (Popular Art) and Minimalism destabilize Abstract Expressionism Modernism is High Art, elevate art, one art Popart is the opposite of High Art We begin to see the erosion of High Art We are ending Modernism with Conceptual Art Conceptualism is the end of Modernism because it is the end of the Object Photo conceptualism = end of modernism Post-modernism = understands that there are no masterpieces

30. Icono-classcism: Someone who doesn’t want to make new images, giving us something that is already familiar. Neutral Vision: the photographer and artist do not have any intentionalism built into the piece (ex: Christian Boltanski “Monuments (The children of Dijon)” 1985 -images from Holocaust victims)

31. Ten Characteristics of Modernity -1. Questioning or rejection of tradition -2. Prioritizatoin of Individualism, freedom -3. Formal equality -4. Faith in social, scientific, and technological progress -5. Movement of feudalism toward capitalism and a market economy -6. Industrialization -7. Professionalization -8. Charles Baudelaire coined the term “Modernity” to designate the fleeting, ephemeral experience of life in an urban metropolis and the responsibility art has to capture that experience. -9. Relationship to time, historical discontinuity -10. Openness to the future

32. Ten Characteristics of Modernism -1.”Make it New” -2. Rejection of past -3.Came out of the horror of WWI -4. Rejected Enlightenment thinking -5.Self-conciousness (led to experiments of form) -6. Rejection of Realism -7. Reprise, Incorporation -8. Rewriting, Revision -9. Parody -10. Self-Reference -11. Encouraged re-examination of every aspect of human existance -12. Irony concerning literary and social conventions -13. Narration through fragmented or social perspectives or viewpoints

33. Ten Characteristics of The Family of Man -1. Curated by Edward Steichen -2. Sponsored by the United States Information Agency (were concerned with international diplomacy -3. Exhibtion contained 503 photos from 68 countries -4. Photos are grouped according to snapshots of the human experience -5. Birth, love, joy, war, privation, illness and death -6. Steichen’s intention was to prove visualy te universality of human experience and photography’s role in its documentation -7. One of the most popular exhibtions in MoMA’s history and one of the most widely seen collections -8. Critics have suggested that the images chosen for the exhibition, coupled with their arrangement at the Museum of Modern Art and elsewhere, sought to contain problems of sexual and racial difference within the symbolic confines of the nuclear family -9. Represented a Western view of universal community -10. Publicity framed the show as evidence of the individual freedom that fostered American Prosperity, much as the art Movement Abstract Expressionism, with its gestural handling of paint and absence of realistic subject matter, was cast as an example of American intellectual freedom, in contrast to Soviet Socialist Realism,

34. The Pictures Generation: recycling images already there Constructed realities, fabricated, staged photography, directoral mode= Photographer is creating image to be photographed = Making something in the studio  A way of converging conceptualists idea of working with material

35. Art Photographers: Making technically exquisite photographs (Mapplethorpe) Photography by Artists: Owed little to the tradition of photography (Cindy Sherman’s work)

36. In-Class History Photo Final Material from Derr  Limitations of invention of Color Photography  Light sensitive property of black and white photography is silver - -The silver needs dye to become a color photograph; autochrome; you need to have three colors to mix at one time  Figure-ground composition is opposite of all over composition  1950’s Abstract Expressionism  Modernism  Post Modernism: appropriation, this is the belief there are already enough images in the world; so recycle them. (Belief that there is no artistic genius)  Iconoclast- the be suspect of icons  Photography inheritably has the ability to convey space (there is an illusionistic sense of space

37. Harry Callahan- “Photographically Seeing” Modernism- Form over content Post-Modernism- Content over form After WWI, we get Dadaism Post Pictorialism- Pictorialism ceased to exist because the horrors of WWI came to existence and art began to be more political. There was no more room for “only the beautiful” 1917  In Russia (Tsar Nichola died during WWI) Tsar Nichola’s family was murdered by the Bolshevik’s (Communists ) -This was instrumental as a Russian constructivist Rodchenko was making photo-montages. -People wanted to embrace new technologies -This showed how new this art making was (was not creating masterpieces) In this, art had to have a social function

38. Emmanuel Radnisky (Mann Ray)- American Dadaism, “created” the Rayograph, destabilizing subject matter (photograms) Mann Ray- Idea of the conscious. “what’s my understanding of the things in front of me?” Dadaism = Destroy: because Dadaists were very upset and embraced anger Surrealism- still referenced today, making the visual world unique through and through -Flatness -All over composition -1930’s surrealism is full swing in England -U.S. had its own surrealism 1930’s America- US Documentary Photography (FSA Resettlement) American in own FSA Propaganda: Roy Striker -Propaganda to support the “New Deal,” Americans to see Americans suffer -Walker Evans, Aaron Siskind (Harlem Documents), Dorothea Lange, Goldstein,

39. Group f.64 – Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, Willard Van Dyke, Imogen Cunningham, Henry Swift, Sonya Noskowiak, John Paul Edwards, Preston Holder, Alma Lavenson -Was about taking straight photographs -Sharp focused, carefully framed images -”The camera should be used for a recording of life, for rendering the very substance and quintessence of the thing itself, whether it be polished steel or palpitating flesh.” Bauhaus- 1919-1933 Art school in Germany -Using modern technology -Pushing concepts that were new  Bauhaus thinkers bring their ideas to the United States 1950’s Aarno Siskind begins to change his style Minor White- is a hybrid of Aaron Siskind and Harry Callahan: “Taking photographs of what else the photo is” Bernice Abbott- studies under Mann Ray, Abbott buys the Atget collection; Abbott is interested in loose abstraction Lewis Hine- Documenting the American Workers

40. Weegee- Audience was newspaper buyers- crime scenes, would move bodies and other things around to make a better picture, had a darkroom in the trunk of his car -tutors Lizette Model New Social Landscape Photographers: -Specially documenting what landscape they see through photography -Friedlander & Winnogrand  “To se what things look like photographed.” -The world is mediated through photographs “The Americans” – Robert Frank -This is a game changer -Dark, Unhappy -35 mm Camera -Photographs are about the mood -Unflattering views of America (Showed Americans in the Beatnik era) ; Robert Frank drove around with Jack Kerouac

41. MoMA 50’s Family Of Man -Curator: Edward Steichen -Photography across the world -Propaganda scaring away the Red Scare (Communism) Photography can capture the movement: - Edward Muybridge- Horses Running Pre-visualizing what you are going to make Jerry Uelsmann- forerunner of photomontage, working with gelatin silver prints * Victim-less Images = Social Documentary -Martha Rosler -Adam Secula -This was in the 70’s Modernism ends with Conceptual Art - And also de-materializes

42. Ideas of Multi-Culturalism become Important -What work should be funded by the Government? -Sally Mann -Joel-Peter Witkin -Andreas Serrano -Mappelthorpe Rusche- a conceptual photographer Rineke Dijkstra- return to beauty late 90’s Post-Modernism- Critical on modes of representation (How we are representing something) Pictures Generation- Richard Prince (Marlboro Man), Sherri Levine, Cindy Sherman, Barbara Kruger 1839- Painter Paul Delaroche- “From today, painting is dead”