1. VIDEO PRODUCTION

2. Stop-Motion Animation
a technique used to make static objects appear as if they were moving
objects are brought to life by breaking up the figure's motion into increments and filming one frame of film per increment
still pictures are played in rapid succession to create an illusion of movement
higher frame rate, more convincing illusion of movement

3. Why use stop-motion animation?
- it can show the impossible - it draws attention - it is visually pleasing (when properly executed) - it is a great tool for entertainment - it is a great tool for communication

4. Stop-Motion Techniques
Clay Animation
Object Animation
Cutout Animation
Whiteboard Animation
Pixilation

5. Clay Animation
a type of stop-motion animation wherein clay characters are created and used to tell a story or convey a message

6. Object Animation
- a form of stop motion animation that involves the animated movements of any non-drawn objects such as toys, blocks, dolls, etc. which are not fully malleable, such as clay or wax, and not designed to look like a recognizable human or animal character

7. Cutout Animation
cutout shapes arranged on a flat surface, and manually moved and repositioned to simulate animation

8. Whiteboard Animation
- a process where a creative story and storyboard with pictures is drawn on a whiteboard (or something that resembles a whiteboard) by artists who record themselves in the process of their artwork.

9. Pixilation
- a stop motion technique where live actors are used as a frame-by-frame subject in an animated film, by repeatedly posing while one or more frame is taken and changing pose slightly before the next frame or frames

10. Things to Remember Have a central message instead of an elaborate plot
2. Storyboard should show the flow of camera shots
3. Mount camera on a tripod
4. Be cautious to not alter the object by accident

11. 5. Be careful of getting any smudges or dirt into your prepared clay 6
5. Be careful of getting any smudges or dirt into your prepared clay 6. Have a consistent shooting environment 7. Pay close attention to object placement 8. Always consider your lighting 9. Work in a calm environment

12. Steps in Creating Stop-Motion Animation
Research on the topic
Develop storyline and script
Create storyboard
Prepare set, props, and characters
Shoot, move, shoot, move….
Transfer files to computer
Import to a video editing software
Work on the video
Save as movie file

13. Video Recording
has the same elements with stop-motion animation but its characters have the capability to produce movements themselves

14. Steps in Video Recording
Think of your audience
2. Express ideas and limit topic
3. State objectives
4. Decide whether video is motivational, informational or instructional
5. Write a treatment to help organize in handling the content

15. 6. Prepare a script
7. Prepare a storyboard
8. Assign roles
9. Prepare needed materials and equipment
Rehearse scenes
Shoot video
Transfer files to computer
Import to a video editing software
Edit
Save as movie file

16. Related Terms Shot – action being recorded
2. Scene – location of the subject at the time of the shot
3. Take – number of times a scene is shot
4. Sequence – series of related shots depicting one idea

17. Types of Shots Distance (Long)
- general view of the setting and the subject
- often used as an establishing shot

18. Distance (Medium) - a closer view of the subject, eliminating unnecessary background details

19. Distance (Close-up)
concentration of the subject or part of it
everything else from the view is excluded

20. Angle (Low) - looking up at the subject - this increases height - added height of the object may make it inspire fear and insecurity in the viewer, who is psychologically dominated by the figure on the screen.

21. Angle (High)
looking down at the subject
camera is elevated above the to give a general overview
make the object photographed seem smaller, and less significant (or scary)

22. Birds Eye View Shot
shows the mise en scene as a whole
- the effect of this shot on the audience gives us the greatest power

23. Eye Level - a fairly neutral shot - camera is positioned as though it is a human actually observing a scene, so that actors' heads are on a level with the focus - gives us a sense of equality with the character or subject

24. Point of View Objective – a shot taken from the audience’s point of view

25. Point of View Subjective – a shot taken from over the shoulder of the subject

26. Weather Shot
subject is the weather
can be used for other purposes, e.g. background for graphics

27. Camera Physical Movement
a. Pan

28. b. Tilt

29. c. Pedestal Shot

30. d. Dolly

31. e. Truck

32. 5. Camera Apparent Movement (Zoom) - continuous change in the focal length of the camera lens during a shot - stimulates dollying

33. Sources